An Empirical Study On The Mechanism Of Chinese People’s Concerted Actions

During the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic,compared with the west,Chinese people can quickly and uniformly adopt mask-wearing behavior in order to overcome the epidemic in a short period of time,While the act of wearing masks uniformly is incomprehensible and violates freedom in the eyes of some western "liberals".Rational western scholars may try to explain it through the traditional theory like "conformity",while western media with ulterior motives even directly doubt that it is the reflection of excessive intervention by the Chinese government.Unified wearing of masks by The Chinese people in the fight against the epidemic is one of Concerted Actions--a form of concerted behavior driven by a collective goal with a significantly higher probability of group action.This study reason Chinese people wear masks during the outbreak of behavior and cognitive differences between Chinese and western of this behavior as the background,introduced the concept of collective responsibility awareness--the spontaneous awareness of that individuals should not only be responsible for themselves,but also be responsible for their collective.Three studies were designed to answer the three questions step by step.The differences in the level of concerted actions,the changes in the level of collective responsibility that caused the differences,and the reasons for the changes were analyzed step by step,so as to further explore the internal mechanism of "concerted actions" and try to provide empirical ideas for responding to the cognitive differences and doubts related to it.In Study 1,in order to answer the question "whether different levels of collective responsibility awareness will lead to differences in the level of concerted actions",different text start-up materials were designed,and the collective roles of the subjects were fully considered in the materials.The level of collective responsibility awareness of the subjects was controlled by the method of situational start-up experiment,so as to explore the impact of the level of collective responsibility awareness on the tendency of concerted actions,and verify the internal orientation of subjects to do concerted actions.The study adopted a two factor mixed inter-subject experimental design of 2(collective role: star member/ordinary member)× 2(type of responsibility awareness: collective responsibility awareness/individual responsibility awareness).226 effective experimental data were obtained through online collection of credamo platform data mart and screening of subjects who did not answer carefully by using screening questions.The results showed that the effect of situational priming was significant;The subjects’ concerted actions tendency score under the starting situation of collective responsibility awareness is significantly higher than that under the starting situation of individual responsibility awareness,and membership can significantly regulate the relationship between them;The definition verification results of concerted actions shows the tendency of concerted actions has a significant positive correlation with "collective goal",but has no significant correlation with "in line with personal interests",and has a significant negative correlation with "action imitation" and "escape punishment".Based on study 1,study 2 introduced the concept of self-construal composition to explore the reasons for the change of collective responsibility awareness,which is to answer the question "whether the change of self-construal composition will lead to the change of collective responsibility awareness" : The measurement tool "self-construal scale" of the formal experiment is revised firstly.The revised self-construal scale has 16 questions,including interdependent self and independent self.The results of reliability and validity test show that it meets the standards of psychological measurement and can be used in the study.The formal research designed different text priming materials,controlled the subjects’ different self-construal composition through the method of situational priming experiment,in order to explore the causal relationship between different self-construal composition and the level of collective responsibility awareness,then tested again whether the change of the latter will lead to the change of concerted actions level.The study tested the priming effect through the revised self-construal scale,adopted a completely random single factor inter-subject design(independent-self priming/ interdependent-self priming),collected online through the Credamo platform data mart and screened the subjects who did not answer carefully by using screening questions and obtained 224 effective experimental data.The results showed that the effect of situational priming was significant,and there were significant differences in the scores of responsibility awareness under different self-construal composition: there was no significant difference in the individual responsibility awareness of subjects under different priming situations,but the level of collective responsibility awareness of subjects under interdependent context was significantly higher than that under independent context;The study verified again that there was a significant positive correlation between the score of collective responsibility awareness and concerted actions tendency,and verified again that concerted actions tendency had a significant and high positive correlation with "collective goal".Based on the results of the last two studies,study 3 explored the characteristics of the natural change of self-construal composition with the situation,which is to answer the question "whether the change of self-construal composition will also occur under natural circumstances" : Taking the student group as an example,using the self-construal scale revised in Study 2,The Credamo platform data mart was used to randomly distribute nationwide high school students and college students / graduate students.470 valid questionnaires were obtained after screening.Through the recalling and comparison of subjects’ self-construal composition,and the horizontal comparison of subjects’ self-construal composition between grades and within grades,this paper discusses the dynamic changes of students’ self-construal composition in different periods from high school to graduate students.The results show that in the retrospective comparison within the subjects,the independent-self increases significantly and the interdependent-self decreases significantly from high school to university and even graduate students.In the horizontal comparison within grades,there is no significant difference between independent-self and interdependent-self of senior high school students and freshmen,while the independent-self level of freshmen to seniors and graduate sophomores to above is significantly higher than that of interdependent –self;In the horizontal comparison between grades,there is no significant difference in the level of independent-self among subjects in different grades,but the level of interdependent-self of senior high school students is significantly higher than that of junior and above,and there is no significant difference in other grades.Based on the above studies,the conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)different levels of collective responsibility awareness will lead to differences in concerted actions tendency,and individuals with higher levels of collective responsibility awareness have higher concerted actions tendency.(2)Changes in the composition of self-construal will lead to changes in the level of collective responsibility awareness.Individuals with a higher proportion of interdependent-self composition have a higher level of collective responsibility awareness.(3)There are dynamic changes of self-construal composition in the natural situation.For example,the student group will change as they enter different learning periods.The level of interdependent-self in high school is higher than that in college,and the level of independent-self is lower than that in college.With the growth of grade,this difference will increase significantly.In a word,this study shows that the difference of Chinese people’s concerted actions tendency may be caused by the change of collective responsibility awareness caused by the change of self-construal composition in the natural situation.