A Report On The Chinese Translation Of The Book "China-Ergebnisse Eigener Reisen Und Darauf Gegründeter Studien" (excerpt) Under The Guidance Of Translation Transformation Theor

Rawls’ theory of justice is one of the most powerful and enduring of the many theories discussing social justice,and the shaping of the subject of justice within his theory has sparked controversy about disability issue and constitutes the focus of discussion in contemporary theoretical theories of justice.Among them,the ability theorists represented by Amartya Sen have launched a cross-examination of Rawls based on the constructive base and logical rationale of Rawls’ theory of justice,and Nussbaum,based on Sen,has further critiqued Rawls from the standpoint of his contract theory.The above two directions of ability theory prove that Rawls’ theory of justice ignores the disabled and challenges Rawls’ theory of justice.As a result,the issue of disability has attracted significant attention in the field of moral philosophy.The three main contemporary theories of justice that address the issue of disability are resource equalitarianism represented by Dworkin,welfare equalitarianism represented by Arneson,and viable capacities theory represented by Nussbaum.Dworkin proposes the insurance system to realize the care for the disabled,and Arneson proposes the equalization of welfare opportunities to protect the interests of the disabled.Although these two theories advance the issue of disability,they fail to fundamentally expand the disabled as the subjects of justice,and therefore have theoretical limits.Nussbaum proposes the theory of viable capabilities,which inherits the equality point of Sen’s theory of capabilities,that is,using capabilities rather than resources or utility as the indicator of individual well-being,and reshapes the concept of dignity based on dependence and vulnerability as the basis of dignity generation and connoted by capabilities,thus realizing the integration and transcendence of the previous theories of justice on disability issues.This theory clarifies the theoretical problem of including people with disabilities in the principles of justice,thus expanding the status of people with disabilities as subjects of justice and providing a reference for solving the problem of justice for people with disabilities.However,the theory of viability has also attracted criticism for its subversion of the traditional view of reason as the essential characteristic of human beings,and its interpretation of the list of dignity and core capacities is appropriate but not sufficient in relation to other theoretical solutions to the problem of disability,and its arguments need to be further examined.However,as Nussbaum argues,a universal political guideline cannot be achieved overnight and requires constant revision in an open and accepting academic environment.It is undeniable that Nussbaum’s attention to disability issues has caused contemporary justice theory to re-examine justice for the disabled,breaking through the traditional paradigm of justice theory and opening up a new vision of justice studies.The focus and research direction of the viability theory constructed by Nussbaum on the issue of disability has had a profound and extensive impact on moral philosophy and the direction of contemporary political theory.