The Effect Of Family Cumulative Risk On Depression Of College Students And It’s Intervention

Depression is one of the most prominent psychological problems among Chinese college students.China has repeatedly issued documents calling for strengthening the research on the prevention and treatment of depression among college students.In the ecosystem theory,it is emphasized that the family plays a significant role in the physical and mental development of individuals.Moreover,studies have confirmed the impact of a single risk factor in a family on the depression of college students,but risk factors in a family often do not appear independently,but play a role in cumulative form.The depression self-worth correlation model emphasizes the relationship between low self-esteem on depression,and the risk-protective factor model reveals the buffering effect of protective factors on depression.Therefore,Study 1 explores the influence of cumulative family risk on the depression of college students,and examines the mediating effect of self-esteem and the moderating effect of peer relationships.In addition,many studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy can effectively relieve depression,but its intervention angle and effect are relatively limited.The satir model is a humanistic family therapy,it often works from three aspects: the internal system,the interpersonal interaction system,and the original family system.Empirical studies shown that the satir model can effectively reduce the depression by improving self-esteem and peer relationships.Therefore,in Study 2,the satir model group and cognitive behavioral therapy group counseling program were designed respectively,and randomized controlled experiments were conducted to intervene with college students to test the effects of both on reducing depression,providing new ideas for depression intervention in college students.In Study 1,663 college students in a university in Shanxi Province were surveyed by the Family Cumulative Risk Questionnaire,the Beck Depression Scale,the Self-esteem Scale,and the Interpersonal Relationship Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale.23 invalid data were eliminated,and finally,640 valid questionnaires were analyzed.In study 2,21 eligible subjects were recruited from Study 1 who volunteered to participate in group counseling of "improving self-esteem and managing depression",and were randomly divided into the cognitive behavioral therapy group and the satir model intervention group,and received intervention of 16 hours for 8 weeks respectively.The pretest,post-test,and follow-up post-test were conducted by using the Self-esteem Scale,the Beck Depression Scale,and the Interpersonal Relationship Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale,the effect evaluation form of members was collected to investigate the effect of two kinds of group counseling on depression of college students.The results are as follows:(1)Family cumulative risk can significantly positively predict depression of college students;(2)Self-esteem plays a mediating role between family cumulative risk and depression in college students;(3)Peer relationship can moderate the cumulative risk of family and affect the second half of the indirect pathway of depression in college,that is,good peer relationship can weaken the influence of low self-esteem on depression;(4)The cognitive-behavioral group counseling can significantly improve the level of self-esteem of college students and significantly reduce their depression;(5)The satir model group counseling can significantly improve college students’ self-esteem,significantly improve peer relationship and significantly reduce their depression.Conclusions: family cumulative risk can increase depression by reducing self-esteem,and good peer relationship can weaken the influence of self-esteem on depression.The satir model group counseling can be promoted as a new method to prevent and treat depression in college students.