Dynamic Construction And Application Of Default Inference Exception Knowledge Base Based On Common Sense

Knowledge representation and knowledge reasoning have always been the focus of artificial intelligence academia.The concept of "The new generation of artificial intelligence" not only shows the continuous development of artificial intelligence research,but also exposes the problems lying in the field.These problems can be interpreted and solved from different disciplines,and from the perspective of Logic,the interpretation is the problem of knowledge representation and knowledge reasoning.As one of the foundations of artificial intelligence,Logic played an influential role in the early stage of artificial intelligence research,but whether it can continue to be a foundation of the new generation of artificial intelligence? This question puts forward new requirements for the application of Logic.As a kind of non-monotonic logic,default logic provides a theoretical basis for the research of artificial intelligence,and it needs to evolve for the new generation of artificial intelligence.Based on common sense,this paper proposes a practical method of constructing dynamic exception knowledge base by default reasoning,so as to provide a new idea for the research of common sense representation and common sense reasoning of artificial intelligence.As one of the most natural and mature non-monotonic logic,default logic can express some general rules in common sense and use general rules for reasoning.By explaining the content of default logic,we pointed out the exception of default reasoning.By discussing the definition of common sense,we summarized the characteristics of common sense,and explained the common sense reasoning.As one of the items of knowledge representation,Cyc tries to put all common sense into knowledge base so as to realize knowledge reasoning.However,it has some problems both from its own perspective and from the perspective of common sense.From the perspective of common sense,the huge amount of common sense makes it difficult to represent all of them,and it is even impossible to add all common sense into the knowledge base.Therefore,combined with the experience of common sense database,we explained the motivation of building exception knowledge base.The key to common sense based default reasoning is to collect exceptions.Examples are given to illustrate how people conduct default reasoning and collect exceptions.On this basis,two different methods after collecting exceptions are discussed.One is simply to collect individuals with exceptions in the exception set;the other is to screen typical individuals and abstract typical attributes by observing and analyzing individuals in the set after collecting exception sets,and add a typical attribute to the exception instead of an individual with that attribute.Through comparison,we find some problems in the first method,so we propose a dynamic method of building exception knowledge base.In addition,an example is given to illustrate the dynamic nature of exception knowledge base.We described a method to formalize the construction of exception knowledge base by using default logic.Firstly,the corresponding exception set is constructed for different default reasoning forms.Then,by observing and analyzing the individuals in the exception set,the typical attributes are abstracted and verified by "Mill’s methods",and the exception knowledge base is updated accordingly.Through the construction of exception knowledge base,the characteristics of exception knowledge base are summarized,and examples are given to illustrate how to construct exception knowledge base in different cases and how to use exception knowledge base for specific default reasoning.This paper is arranged as follows: Firstly,we expounded the background and significance of the topic by summarizing the relevant research results of default logic,and explained the main problems and research methods of this paper,then we pointed out the innovation points of this paper.Secondly,we elaborated the relevant content of default logic,and explained the exception of default reasoning.Thirdly,based on the definition of common sense,we explained the characteristics of common sense,and the importance of common sense and common sense reasoning is expounded to lead to the Cyc project,and the motivation for the construction of exception knowledge base is explained.Finally,by explaining how people carry out default reasoning in daily life,and on this basis,by comparing two methods of dealing with exceptions,we proposed a more universal and reasonable construction method.The dynamic nature of exception knowledge base is illustrated by combining examples,and then we formalized the exception knowledge base for different default reasoning,and summarized the characteristics of exception knowledge base.The practical application of exception knowledge base in default reasoning is illustrated by a case.