| Peer victimization is a common form of campus violence,which refers to the aggressive behavior from peer that the individual suffers.In recent years,with the emphasis on the healthy growth of adolescents,the phenomenon of peer victimization has attracted the attention of many researchers,and relevant studies have been carried out in many fields such as the impact of peer victimization on adolescents’ mental health(depression,anxiety,low self-esteem),academic performance,and so on.However,in addition to the study of the adverse effects of peer victimization,the study of the causes of peer victimization can provide more constructive advice to solve the problem of peer victimization.Family environment is one of the most important reasons to trace the causes of peer victimization of teenagers.In recent years,childhood emotional abuse has received widespread attention.Childhood emotional abuse is one of the forms of childhood abuse,refers to the individual in childhood from the parents or other people suffered from the emotional insult,more common,more widespread,and more likely to lead to mental health problems.The emotional abuse in childhood is manifested in such forms as verbal insults and personality suppression,which have an indelible negative effect on the formation of children’s personality and self-confidence,one of the significant negative effects was the increased tolerance and acceptance of emotional abuse.As a result of emotional abuse tolerance,recognition of the increase,leading to children in the growth process,the face of violence,will subconsciously take tolerance rather than confrontation.During adolescence,school is another important occasion apart from family.During this period,the interaction with peers becomes more frequent and intimate.Peers are another important person apart from parents,the relationship with peers is directly related to the interpersonal communication after the adolescents.The mental health level of adolescents who suffered emotional abuse in childhood is far lower than that of normal adolescents,depression levels are higher,more socially withdrawn,more introverted,less confident,and worse academic performance.According to relevant research,the perpetrators of school violence,after measuring whether the victim has the ability to resist,often choose isolated,poor academic performance of young people as the target of violence.Therefore,emotional abuse in childhood may indirectly lead to adolescents being more vulnerable to peer victimization.In addition,relevant research shows that there is a significant gender difference between emotional abuse and peer victimization in childhood,and the proportion of emotional abuse suffered by female students is much higher than that of male students,boys are more likely to be physically assaulted(e.g.,beaten,kicked)and girls are more likely to be relationship-damaged(e.g.,badmouthed,provoked),so are there gender differences in the transmission of childhood emotional abuse-peer victimization in adolescence? There is no research to prove it.According to the relevant researches at home and abroad,firstly,few studies focus on emotional abuse in childhood,and there is no research on the influence of peer victimization of childhood emotional abuse,some foreign studies have only verified that there is a significant correlation between childhood abuse and peer victimization through cross-sectional data analysis,but does childhood emotional abuse have a dynamic impact on the changing trend of peer victimization? The answer is unknown.Third,there is no research on the impact of childhood emotional abuse on peer victimization from a gender perspective,the internal mechanisms underlying the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and peer victimization are unclear.Therefore,this study focused on the theme of emotional abuse in childhood and peer victimization,through longitudinal tracking,to explore the impact of emotional abuse on peer victimization.This study includes two parts: first,the trend of peer victimization,the predictive effect of childhood emotional abuse on the trend of peer victimization,and the gender difference;Study 2: the longitudinal mediating effect of depression on the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and peer victimization and gender differences.A total of 539 high school students in Guang’an,Sichuan province,were selected to complete a questionnaire survey three times a year,through the Childhood emotional abuse questionnaire,Peer victimization questionnaire,Adolescent problem behavior questionnaire,through student self-report,to measure the adolescent emotional abuse experience,peer victimization,depression.The results were analyzed by SPSS and Mplus and the results were as follows:1.The changing trend of peer victimization and the influence of childhood emotional abuse on peer victimization.(1)there are significant individual differences in the initial level and changing trend of physical victimization among adolescents,physical victimization will decrease with time,and the higher the initial level,the slower the decline of physical victimization.(2)there are significant individual differences in the initial level and the changing trend of relationship victimization among adolescents.(3)emotional maltreatment in childhood has an important effect on the change of physical victimization,and the relationship victimization has an increasing tendency with the increase of time,and the higher the initial level is,the slower the rise is,emotional maltreatment in childhood positively predicted the initial level of physical victimization and negatively predicted the changing trend of physical victimization,and there was a gender difference in the influence of emotional maltreatment on the changing trend of physical victimization,the predictive effect of childhood emotional abuse on the slope of physical victimization was significant for boys,but not for girls.(4)emotional abuse in childhood has an important effect on the change of relationship victimization,and it positively predicts the initial level of relationship victimization but has no significant effect on the change speed of relationship victimization;the influence of childhood emotional abuse on the changing trend of physical victimization was different between the sexes.In the male group,childhood emotional abuse had a significant predictive effect on the initial level of relationship victimization,while in the female group,the predictive effect was not significant,and the predictive effect of childhood emotional abuse on the relationship victimization slope was not significant either in boys or girls.2.Depression mediates the relationship between emotional abuse and physical/relationship victimization in childhood.(1)depression mediates the relationship between emotional abuse and physical victimization in childhood,there was significant gender difference in the mediating effect of depression.Specifically,the longitudinal mediating effect of depression was not significant in the male group,but it was significant in the female group,there are two mediating pathways: childhood emotional abusedepression I-physical victimization I and childhood emotional abuse-depression I-physical victimization S.(2)depression mediates the relationship between emotional abuse and relationship victimization in childhood,and there is significant gender difference in mediating the relationship between depression and relationship victimization.Specifically,the longitudinal mediating effect of depression was not significant in the male group,but it was significant in the female group,there are one mediating pathway: emotional abuse in childhood-depression I-relationship victimization S. |
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