| Fanzhen has always been the core issue in the history from the middle and late Tang Dynasty to the early Song Dynasty,and it is also a model case for exploring the contradictions,unity and division between centralization and decentralization in ancient China.The most effective way to strengthen control over local vassals is undoubtedly to adjust the appointment and dismissal of Jiedu envoys.The appointment and removal of Jiedu envoys can be mainly classified into two categories: the old ministers of the Later Han Dynasty and Guo Wei’s Zuoming meritorious.From Guo Wei’s rise to the throne to Jian Zhou’s enthronement,the old officials of the Later Han Dynasty kept on the sidelines as a whole,but they could still be clearly divided into three types according to their relationship with Guo Wei and the Later Han Dynasty: the clan and in-laws of the Later Han Dynasty,those who remained on the sidelines and were neutral,and those who had a close relationship with Guo Wei.Guo Wei focused on eliminating the clan and in-laws of the Later Han Dynasty such as Murong Yanchao and Li Hongxin.The second is to remain neutral in the Han and Zhou Dynasties.This type of Jiedushi can often retain the status of Jiedushi in the Later Zhou Dynasty,but is gradually placed in Jiezhen with a relatively secondary strategic position,such as Wu Xingde and Guo Congyi.The third type is that he had a close relationship with Guo Wei in the past,so even if he was an old minister of the later Han Dynasty,he also held a wait-and-see attitude during the incident and did not make great contributions to the establishment of the new dynasty,but he was still reused.The most typical ones are Fu Yanqing and Wang Guowei.scene.On the other hand,Guo Wei activelypromotes new forces,and appoints confidantes to serve as Jiedu envoys in various towns.Among the newly promoted Jiedu envoys,except for a few former officials of the later Han Dynasty,most of them were heroes from the dragon who followed Guo Wei in the army.Part of Conglong’s meritorious officials came from the Forbidden Army led by Guo Wei;By the end of the Shizong Dynasty of the Zhou Dynasty,the feudal towns in the territory could basically be divided into four categories,and different types of feudal towns were served by Jiedushi with different identities.The first type is the feudal town of the forbidden army and the leader,and its Jiedushi is often held concurrently by the general of the forbidden army,which is the most important.The second type is the offensive and defensive feudal towns facing the enemy.This type of feudal towns borders the enemy and has more wars,and is often served by cronies with stronger capabilities.The third type is the inland defensive vassal town,whose main tasks are defense,security,taxation,and labor,and are often served by Jiedu envoys left over from the previous dynasty who are not the monarch’s confidants.The fourth kind of feudal town is nominally attached to the central government,but has a semi-independent nature.The control power of the class vassals is limited,and the control is often hereditary.This kind of appointment and dismissal of the feudal governors was conducive to strengthening the central government’s control over the feudal towns,and it was also conducive to the start of the unification war. |
