A Study Of Monk Literature In Jin,Southern And Northern Dynasties

During the Han Dynasty around A.D.,Buddhism was introduced into China’s inland from ancient India through Central Asia.Since then,Buddhism has gone through a long process of exclusion and integration with Chinese native culture,and finally became an important part of Chinese culture.With the emergence of Buddhist monks and the continuous growth of their ranks,especially the emergence of Han monks with literary literacy and creative ability and gradually moving towards the center of the Buddhist altar,monk literature began to flourish in the Jin Dynasty.Turbulent social changes and fierce military conflicts forced monks to migrate from north to south.In the places where monks settled and gathered,they preached and preached the Buddhist teachings,and successively formed Buddhist centers such as Yecheng,Chang ’an,Jiankang and Lushan.Many monks congregate in places where Buddhism and Dharma flourish,thus forming a group of monks,preaching the scriptures and preaching the Dharma,and wandering around in the wild,all of which provide realistic conditions and cultural environment for the development of monk literature.The literary genres of monks in Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties include poetry,fu and prose.Monk poems represented by landscape poems,Yuefu poems and Buddhist poems have always attracted the most attention among monk works.As far as the creation of Fu and Wen is concerned,while following the trend of the times,monk Fu always highlights its own characteristics and charm in terms of artistic expression and Buddhist connotation.All kinds of prose written by monks far exceed poetry and fu in volume,and they have achieved quite rich creative achievements in the creation of preface,theory,record,book,inscription,praise,eulogy and recitation.All kinds of prose have their own practical functions,which can be use as a carrier for monks to read scriptures and preach Buddhism,as a means to express their feelings and feelings,and as a tool for friends’ contacts and documentary writing.Monk prose has reached a harmonious balance between practical function and literary level,and at the same time,it has also played a positive role in the development of Chinese prose.This paper takes the monks’ literary works in this period as the research object,explores different literary genres as a whole,and analyzes the characteristics and literary value of monks’ literature.The article is divided into four chapters:Chapter one: The literature of monks in Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties.Buddhism,as a foreign religion,is experiencing rapid development in the period of social unrest and decline of Confucianism.The localization of Buddhism and the growing ranks of monks have prompted the emergence of monk literature.After the Yongjia Rebellion,the opposition between the north and the south also showed obvious differences in the development of Buddhism.The north paid attention to religious behavior,while the south paid attention to theoretical interpretation.Eastern Jin Dynasty and Southern Dynasty were the prosperous periods of Buddhism development.Under the favorable social environment and creative atmosphere,monks have made remarkable achievements in the creation of poems,fu and essays,and have taken the first step in the development of monk literature.Chapter two: Poems of monks in Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties.Monks’ poems are represented by landscape poems,Yuefu imitating ancient poems and Buddhist poems.Poetry creation has obvious characteristics of personalized style,and it is unique and innovative in the use of poetic images and language expression.With the changes of the times,the localization of Buddhism and the improvement of monks’ literary level,the creation of poetry presents a literary tendency.At the same time,the Buddhist color of the works is also a manifestation of the author’s religious identity.Chapter three:The study of monks’ prose in Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties.During this period,monks’ fu and prose made a comprehensive development.In terms of Fu,both lyrical little Fu and Buddhist big Fu reflect the literary significance and theoretical characteristics of Fu.Prose is a literary genre that fully reflects the religious identity of monk writers.Monks’ prose creation is rich,with preface,record,theory and book as the main body,and other prose styles are numerous.Monks’ essays are mostly used to explain theories and express opinions,which have strong practical and practical significance.Different styles have their own personalized styles and artistic expressions.Chapter four:The influence of monk literature in Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties.The literary works of monks had a profound influence at that time and later generations.It has played many positive roles in the spread of Buddhism,the development of Buddhist literature,the origin of monks’ creation,etc.The writing skills and creative theories of poems and novels have added new vitality to the development of later literature.