Research On Tungsten Ore Control By The Resource Commission (1945-1949)

In the early days of early control,the Resources Commission put forward various development goals for tungsten ore control.In the middle and late stages of the Anti-Japanese War,based on the actual situation since the implementation of the tungsten ore control system and the forecast of the international tungsten market after the war,the Resource Committee proposed three goals to reform the tungsten ore control agency——establish state-owned mines,develop self-run projects,and establish an international tungsten sand trading organization.In order to eliminate the shortcomings of the lack of central organs,decentralized power,and redundant management organizations in tungsten ore control,the Resources Commission proposed an institutional reform plan for the comprehensive management of tungsten ore and other special minerals.Faced with the low output and limited effectiveness of the projects undertaken by the Resources Commission during the war,the Resources Commission proposed the development of state-owned mines and the implementation of a development plan for machine mining.Faced with the huge volatility that may occur in the international tungsten market after the war,the Resources Commission proposed the goal of establishing an international trade organization.After the war,the Resources Commission made certain adjustments to tungsten ore control regulations,control institutions and control modes based on the planning and practical factors of tungsten ore control.At the beginning of the end of the Anti-Japanese War,the National Resources Committee promulgated the "Regulations on the Management of Mineral Products in Wartime",which continued its control over export minerals such as tungsten,antimony,and tin.After that,the National Resources Commission lifted the control of tin and mercury minerals and formulated the "Regulations on the Management of Tungsten and Antimony".But the regulations were challenged by the Legislative Yuan.In the mediation with the Legislative Yuan,the two parties reached a settlement and finally promulgated the "Regulations on the Acquisition of Tungsten and Antimony." At the same time,in accordance with the reform plan,the Resources Commission adjusted the production and income,transportation and sales organizations in the tungsten ore control system.Under the efforts of the Jiangxi Provincial Government to pursue the interests of the province’s tungsten industry,the Resources Commission and the Jiangxi Provincial Government jointly established the Tungsten Tin Mining Co.Ltd.and the two parties jointly manage the tungsten and tin mining business.For a long time,the control model led by the resource committee has been changed.Thanks to the efforts of the National Resources Committee,China’s tungsten industry has recovered well after the war.Tungsten production has increased year by year,the sales also have gradually increased.The Resource Committee has purchased and installed a large number of machinery and related supporting equipment for various engineering offices.Restricted by various factors,the effectiveness of the resource committee’s implementation of mechanized operations is quite limited,but its behavior is still a useful attempt to promote the modernization of the tungsten industry.Of course,the resource committee’s tungsten ore control system also has some lacks,such as lack of funds,poor turnover,and low tungsten sand purchase prices,which harm the interests of miners and miners.The authority of the central government and benefit sharing are the basis for the smooth implementation of the tungsten ore control policy of the Resource Committee.For a long time,local governments have had frictions with tungsten industry management agencies,and local governments have tried their best to obtain more benefits from tungsten mine control.Therefore,there has always been a big contradiction between the tungsten industry management office and the local government.Due to the government finance system reform in 1941,the provincial finance was returned to the central government,and the tungsten mine surplus was no longer allocated to the province,destroying the principle of benefit sharing.The rapid decline of the National Government after the war eliminated the central authority,and the tungsten ore control drew strong opposition from the local government.In the case of the Hunan and Guangxi provinces government embargo,the tungsten ore control eventually collapsed.