A Study On The Syntactic Function Of "来着" In Modern Chinese

Based on the research background of three-dimensional grammar,cognitive linguistics and interactive linguistics,this paper studies the controversial issues related to“来着”by using the research methods of segregation,comparative analysis and contextual analysis.In this paper,based on the existing research on“来着”,we focus on its pragmatic function,and believe that“来着”has the function of expressing euphemism within sentences and the function of expressing the speaker’s cognitive modality.This paper includes five parts:introduction,division of speech classes,pragmatic functions,explanation of reasons and conclusion.The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly introduces the current academic views on the classification of“来着”word,the temporal meaning,the modal meaning,the usage conditions,the evolution and development,and points out the details worth further discussion,thus leading to the main research content and research methods of this paper.The second chapter makes clear the attribute of the modal of“来着”from two aspects of syntactic function and syntactic composition.From the perspective of syntactic function,“来着”is distributed at the end of a sentence or a clause to express a certain mood.The second syllable is pronounced softly and can be used with other modal words or replaced by other modal words in the same context,but the mood will be slightly changed.From the perspective of syntactic combination,it can co-occur not only with different dynamic auxiliary words such as“着,了,过”,but also with different time nouns and time adverbs representing the past,present and future.Therefore,the possibility of its influence on the sentence time system and tense is excluded,and it is considered that“来着”is a modal word.The third chapter investigates the pragmatic function of“来着”.In addition to the intra-sentence function,it also has textual function.This paper believes that the intrasentence function of“来着”is manifested in the following two aspects:the cognitive domain conversion function of transforming line domain events into knowledge domain events and the euphemistic mood function of expressing affirmation and inquiry.The discourse function of“来着”can be summarized as the function of discourse association.From this perspective,we can characterize“来着”as the discourse association mark,which reflects the interaction and expansion of"duanxin"in the process of use.The fourth chapter explains the reasons why“来着”has the above pragmatic functions.From the composition of“来着”to the overall semantic analysis,the generalization generated in the use of“来着”is examined from the perspective of subjectivism.The meaning of the word“来”is still retained to a certain extent in“来着”,which has a directionality pointing from where to where.From the physical space,the speaker approaches the metaphor to the current context from the psychological space.“着”still represents the continuous meaning,and combined with the metaphorical meaning of“来”,which represents the continuous cognitive state.The subjective development of“来着”can be discussed from both synchronic and diachronic levels.The synchronic level can be studied from two perspectives:clause class and cognitive domain.From the category of clauses,the subjectivity of using“来着”gradually increases from declarative sentence to full question,partial question,reminding question,rhetorical question,and then to exclamatory sentence.From the perspective of cognitive domain,subjectivity gradually increases from the expression of knowledge domain of action domain events to the use of knowledge domain to show the speaker’s thinking and inference,and then to the appearance of knowledge domain events in the verbal domain.From the expression of different sentence categories,we can see the evolution of the cognitive domain from the line domain to the verbal domain,and from the evolution of cognitive domain,we can extract and summarize how the subjective development of“来着”is externalized in different sentence categories.The two complement each other.From the perspective of diachronic comparison of different expressions of“来着”in Qing Dynasty and contemporary works,from the dominant declarative sentence to some interrogative sentence,this diachronic change verifies the conclusion that different sentence categories are subjectively different at the synchronic level.The fifth chapter summarizes the core points of the thesis.Five representative examples are reinterpreted with the viewpoint of this article.