The Research On Kant’s Postulate Of "The Immortality Of The Soul"

Compared with the postulates of "The Freedom of Will" and "The Existence of God",as one of the three postulates of Kant’s practical reason,"The Immortality of the Soul" has attracted less attention and research in the academic circles.However,as a necessary condition for Kant’s transition from moral philosophy to moral theology,the public assumption of "The Immortality of the Soul" has a very important position and significance.In the Critique of Pure Reason,Kant denied the inference of rationalism on the "entity,singleness,identity and idealitaet" of the soul through the criticism of traditional rational psychology.Then,in the part of laws and regulations,he introduced "The Immortality of the Soul" into his moral theology system as the "highest purpose" of the pure application of reason for the first time,and took it as the guarantee of the future moral world.In the Critique of Practical Reason,in order to realize the object of "The Highest Good",mainly the perfection of virtue,he introduced "The Immortality of the Soul" into his practical philosophy as a "postulate" of pure practical reason,so that the concept of "soul" obtained "objective reality" in the sense of practice.In addition,the academic circles have produced three different interpretation modes on how to understand the meaning of the concept of "Immortality" in the postulate of "The Immortality of the Soul",that is,they believe that "Immortality" is an infinite continuation in time,a static eternity beyond time,or two dimensions of both super time and temporality.These three interpretation models have their own advantages and disadvantages.The understanding of the meaning of the concept of "Immortality" should take into account the two dimensions of time and eternity at the same time.Finally,among the three postulates of practical reason,"The Immortality of the Soul" and "The Existence of God" are based on "The Freedom of Will".Because "virtue" has a dominant position over "blessing" in the The Highest Good object,the public assumption of "The Immortality of the Soul" and "The Existence of God" has a logical sequence,that is,"The Immortality of the Soul" is arranged before "The Existence of God".However,in addition to the assumption that "The Immortality of the Soul" can ensure the continuous improvement of human virtue,Kant also talked about the significance of God’s "grace" in this regard.The three postulates of practical rationality show that Freedom,Soul and God,which lack the concept of objective reality in theoretical philosophy,can obtain "objective reality" in the sense of practice.