Guangzhou Social Bureau And Social Management (1929-1938)

In 1927,the Nanjing National Government was officially established,and after its regime became stable,it began to implement various policies and carry out institutional construction in China.The following year,the National Government promulgated the Special City Organization Law and the City Organization Law,providing a legal basis for the construction of domestic urban systems and urban social management.According to this law,various cities throughout the country have successively adjusted their municipal government institutions and systems,including the establishment of social bureaus.On September 10 th,1929,the Guangzhou Social Bureau was officially established,marking the first government department specifically responsible for social management in Guangzhou.The establishment of the Guangzhou Social Bureau is not only a product of the relevant provisions of the "City Organization Law",but also a need for social development in Guangzhou.The Social Bureau is a brand new institution that emerged in modern China.On the one hand,its establishment draws on the experience of foreign urban social management,and on the other hand,it is a manifestation and practice of the principle of people’s livelihood in Sun Yat sen’s Three People’s Principles in the operation of political power.In the past,China did not have a government agency specifically responsible for social management.In the final analysis,it was the product of social changes and development in modern China.According to the original functional design of the Social Bureau,it is mainly responsible for agriculture,industry and commerce,labor administration,social welfare,and charity work.However,in actual operation,there are many extensions of its functions,and there are certain differences between regions.In actual operation,the Guangzhou Social Bureau covers various social issues,such as social and cultural management,social improvement movement,and so on.It can be said to be a particularly important role in Guangzhou social management.In addition,some of the various undertakings and work involved in the Guangzhou Social Bureau have distinctive Guangzhou characteristics,which are also related to some special social issues in the Guangzhou area at that time.Of course,these problems essentially exist nationwide,but only in certain specific forms in Guangzhou.The Guangzhou Social Bureau was established in 1929 and disbanded in 1949.Apart from the period of the Anti Japanese War,it participated in a large number of social management work and made certain contributions to the social development of Guangzhou.However,due to various subjective and objective factors,many of its work had achieved remarkable results.