Research On Shao Yong’s Theory Of "Observation"

"Observation" is a theoretical achievement formed by Shao Yong’s use of the Book of Changes to govern all things,which has three basic connotations:emphasizing the understanding of physics at the cognitive level,emphasizing the human nature at the work level,and emphasizing the knowledge of destiny at the value level,revealing Shao Yong’s basic attitude towards the world,seeking ways and means of self-settlement and returning to nature,and realizing the value ideal of harmony between man and nature and counselor’s cultivation.Shao Yong used Confucianism to govern the doctrines of Buddhism and Taoism;he used the Yi-ology as the core to construct the metaphysical "Tai Chi" noumenon to govern all things in the world;he used the image-number deduction to order the birth and death of the natural universe and the rise and fall of social history,which was determined to occur at the time of image-number;he recognized the popularity of the mandate of heaven with the method of "Observation",and observed the changes of nature and human affairs at the time of occurrence;Compose the changes of ancient and modern times with the cosmic era of Yuan Hui Yun Shi and the social form of Emperor Mikado King Earl.The content of this study includes the following five parts:The introduction part introduces the research significance of this thesis,and expounds the research methods and research ideas of this thesis on the basis of combing the research status of Shao Yong’s thought of "Observation".The first chapter analyzes the origin of Shao Yong’s thought of "Observation" from two aspects of theory and reality.In reality,the politics and economy of the Northern Song Dynasty were relatively stable and prosperous,and the style of scholarship and writing experienced a change from virtual to real,but the society did not solve the problem of individual settlement;In theory,Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism in the Northern Song Dynasty learned from each other and absorbed the outstanding achievements of the other for their own use.Shao Yong’s thought of "Observation" thought drew on the practice-oriented family study,and critically inherited the Confucian honest "Observation" form and Buddhist "Observation" mind connotation.The second chapter explores the basic connotation of Shao Yong’s thought of "Observation"."Object" is a unified norm that image and number can be ordered,and it is a common name that includes all kinds of things."Observe" refers to the conscious activity initiated by "Heart-mind" on the basis of vision,which is the concrete behavior of human beings through the image of "Object" and the recognition of "Object".Shao Yong’s "Object" can accommodate not only the birth and death of the natural universe,but also the rise and fall of social personnel.The specific content of "Observation" is developed along the two directions of nature and society: one is the natural path of Tai Chi’s transformation of all things,and the other is the social path of the sage’s transformation and education of all people.The third chapter expounds Shao Yong’s method of "Observation".The process of "Observation" is the process of extending the body of the "Heart-mind".On the one hand,"Heart-mind" is in the Tai Chi,and it is the body of the universe,which can be born everything;on the other hand,the minds of the heart,the Taoism in the inside,is between Taoism.The method of "Observation" settled itself and pursued heaven."Observation" is based on the eyes and minds,the heart and the mind,and based on the view of objects as the goal,to achieve "non-self",and ultimately to achieve "all objects in the world are considerable".The fourth chapter discusses the significance of Shao Yong’s "Observation" in the history of thought.In the study of the Book of Changes,Shao Yong is a representative figure of the image-number study of the Book of Changes,whose particularity lies in the construction of a set of innate mathematical system different from the traditional study.This system regards the number as the door of many wonders,and uses the method of doubling and superimposing the method of quartering to derive the number from one to tens of thousands,trying to grasp the essence of Tao in the Book of Changes with the odd-even changes of numbers.In terms of Neo-Confucianism,Shao Yong ’s thought of "Observation" indirectly influenced Cheng Yi ’s proposition of " investigating things ";In the aspect of mechanics,Shao Yong formed the origin of the heart-mind form of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties from two aspects: on the one hand,Shao Yong took the lead in putting forward the ontology of "Heart-mind is Tai Chi",which raised "heart-mind" to the height of the universe noumenon;On the other hand,Shao Yong’s emphasis on "mind governing nature" is similar to Zhang Zai’s view of "Heart-mind governing nature".