Study On Archeological Culture Of Middle Shang Period In Northern Henan And Southern Hebei

In this paper,the archaeological discoveries of the Shang Dynasty in Northern Henan and Southern Hebei are systematically classified by the numbers,and the archaeological discoveries of the Middle Shang period are selected as the research object.In the micro aspect,the cultural factor analysis is used to explore the connotations and characteristics of the research object,and then the source and flow of the research object and the communication with the surrounding archaeological culture are studied.On this basis,the paper analyzes the reasons for the relocation of the capital and the relocation of the capital in northern Henan and southern Hebei from a macro perspective with the double evidence method,which analyzes the roles of the research object in the Shang civilization.Firstly,based on Mr.Tang Jigen’s Zhongshang three-stage system,the Huanbei Shang City and Dongxianxin Site are Huanbei Shang City.Secondly,the cultural features of northern Henan and southern Hebei have strong similarities,but they are still slightly different because of the geographical location.The northern part of Henan inherited more cultural factors from central Henan,while the southern part of Hebei was influenced by the central part of Henan and the western part of Henan.The direct source of the Shang relics in northern Henan and Southern Hebei is Erligang Culture and the final flow is Yin Ruins Culture.Thirdly,the object of study is compared with the surrounding archaeological culture of the same period.Through the analysis,we can see that the Xiaosangqiao site and the object of the study have great commonality and closed communication.The type of central and western Hebei has little influence on northern Henan.However,it has great influence on neighboring southern Hebei.The differences among central Shandong and northern Henan and southern Hebei are greatest.Finally,the reasons of the frequent relocation of the capital in Zhongshang Dynasty were on the one hand due to the confusion of succession and on the other hand due to the comprehensive considerations of military,politics and economy.Due to the common advantages of cultural tradition and natural environment,northern and southern Henan became the middle and late commercial political center.The Middle Shang culture inherited the advantages of the early Shang Culture in the urban layout,burial,ritual system,handicraft technology and other aspects,and further developed.At the same time,the Chinese Shang culture also played a fundamental role in the prosperity of the late Shang Culture in the areas of territory,ritual dissemination,handicraft technology and so on.