Research On The Evolution Of Cyberspace Structure Of Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises And The Influencing Factors

With the rapid development of globalization and informationization,the cross-regional flow of production factors has accelerated,and the traditional "local space" has been integrated by "flow space",which has promoted the changes and adjustments of enterprise spatial organization and formed an open network between regions.In the context of the socialist market economy system with Chinese characteristics,the scale of Chinese manufacturing enterprises is growing and expanding,and different types of manufacturing enterprises have realized spatial expansion by setting up branches in different places.Under different time nodes,there are differences in the driving factors of enterprise networks,leading to the differential spatial patterns and evolutionary trends of manufacturing enterprise linkages under different years.Therefore,based on the headquarters-branch data of the top 500 Chinese manufacturing enterprises,this paper investigates the network of Chinese manufacturing enterprises from four years: 2005,2010,2015 and 2020,which can deeply grasp the evolution pattern of the network of manufacturing enterprises under the socialist market economy system of socialism with Chinese characteristics,and then reveal the organizational pattern and driving mechanism of the network of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.The study draws the following conclusions:(1)Spatial distribution characteristics of enterprises.Chinese manufacturing enterprises as a whole show the spatial distribution characteristics mainly in the eastern coastal region and the Yangtze River Economic Zone;the polarization trend of high-tech enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta is significant,and their number accounts for a higher proportion than that of mediumand low-technology enterprises.(2)The characteristics and evolution rules of network nodes.The degree centrality of the enterprise network as a whole shows a "T" pattern evolution mainly in the Yangtze River economic belt and the eastern coastal region;Beijing has an absolute advantage in the outgoing degree,and the spatial distribution of the incoming degree values is more balanced than the outgoing degree values,while Wuhan,Tianjin,Chengdu,Chongqing and other cities have higher incoming degree values.The cities that play an intermediary role in the enterprise network are evolving towards the polycentric and Yangtze River economic belt agglomeration pattern.(3)Network connection characteristics.The development of enterprise network is maturing,accessibility and operational efficiency are gradually improving,and the network as a whole shows the characteristics of "dense in the east,sparse in the west,dominated by large cities",with Beijing-Shanghai-Shenzhen-Chongqing as the apex of the "rhombus" layout in space.The distribution is becoming more and more obvious.The network connections show spatial heterogeneity at different levels,and the number of long-distance network connections increases significantly as the connection level decreases.Among China’s core cities,Beijing has the widest range of enterprise network connections;Shanghai prefers to connect with regions with better economic development for economic benefits;Wuhan and Hangzhou have more connections with neighboring cities due to geographic distance;Shenzhen will surpass Wuhan in 2020 and actively explore new development paths.The development of high,medium and low technology enterprise network is significantly differentiated.The low technology enterprise network is dominated by low-level connections and shows a trend of expansion and transfer from economically developed coastal regions to less developed coastal regions and central and western regions;the old industrial bases such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,Northeast China and middle reaches of Yangtze River form the core and sub-core regions of medium technology enterprise network;the high technology enterprise network is dominated by medium and High-grade connection lines dominate,and regions such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta lead the development of this type of enterprise network.(4)Internal and external enterprise network linkage of urban agglomerations.19 major urban agglomerations have uneven internal enterprise network development,among which,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,Middle Yangtze River and Shandong Peninsula urban agglomerations have more rapid enterprise network development and wide internal network coverage;nine urban agglomerations such as Chengdu-Chongqing,Ha-Chang and Liaocheng-South are also improving internal enterprise network connectivity and are intermediate forces of enterprise network development;While the development of internal enterprise networks in urban agglomerations such as Tianshan North Slope and Ningxia Yanhuang is slow,and the strength of network connection needs to be improved.In the external enterprise network connection of city clusters,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei city cluster is always in the core position of manufacturing enterprise network,the gap between different city clusters is gradually decreasing,and the participation of enterprise network of marginal city clusters is gradually increasing.(5)Network influence factors.Geographic,institutional,and organizational proximity have obvious positive effects on the network of manufacturing enterprises in all categories,while cognitive proximity is negative,and economic proximity does not have much influence on the development of enterprise network;the proximity of different dimensions has different effects on the network of low-,medium-,and high-tech enterprises,with geographic and institutional proximity having the most significant effects on the network of high-tech enterprises and organizational proximity having a greater impact on the network of medium-tech enterprises.