Study On The Theory Of Production Tools Of Marx And Ehgels And Its Contemporary Value

The theory of means of production is an important part of Marxist theory.The discussion on the means of production has been mentioned in many Marxist classics.Theses on Feuerbach,The Poverty of Philosophy,Das Kapital and Dialectics of Nature have all focused on the theory of Marx and Engels.In terms of domestic research,except for the experts and scholars in the 1980 s and 1990 s who focused on the theory of production tools,there are few experts and scholars in the new century who focused on the theory of Marx and Engels.Early scholars on the study of production tools put forward that production tools are the externalized product of human labor function,but did not indicate that this is from Marx and Engels’ thought.In recent years,although most of the research on the theory of tools of production is under the theory of tools of production of Marx and Engels,it only abstractly applies the theory of tools of production of Marx and Engels to explain and solve the social problems of science and technology as the nature of tools of production and its evolution,and rarely systematically summarizes the Marxist theory of tools of production itself.Without studying the problem of production tools from the fundamental driving force of the development of productive forces,we cannot understand Marx’s theoretical logic that capital manipulates production tools to restrict the development of productive forces and hinder the development of human beings.In addition,with the rapid development of society and the further expansion of scientific and technological achievements,the production tools themselves are also rapidly updated and iterated.Therefore,it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to explore Marx and Engels’ thought and theory of production tools to solve the problems of the development of contemporary social science and technology,the iteration of production tools and the improvement of productivity.Marx and Engels’ theory of means of production contains very important ideological connotation and logical structure.Considering the development of early capitalism,although the capitalist mode of production in the 19 th century greatly enriched the social productive forces and created great material wealth for the society,all these were based on the cruel exploitation of workers.At the same time,the cyclical economic crisis caused by capitalism during this period also caused a huge waste of social productivity,and the contradiction between socialized production and capitalist private possession was constantly intensified.Based on the exploration of the development of social productive forces and the criticism of capitalism,Marx and Engels also carried out the research on the means of production simultaneously.Therefore,this study believes that the starting point of the research of the tool of production theory originated from the research of Marx and Engels on the productivity,and began to mature in the investigation of the application of machine tools in capitalist society.Finally,in the careful study of the agglomeration and development of production tools under the background of socialized mass production,the inevitable law of social development and human liberation was revealed.First of all,in Marx’s view,the mutual construction of production tools and production subjects is the core factor of building productive forces.Meanwhile,in this process,there are also the processes of instrumentalization of production subjects,subjectification of production tools and mutual construction of production tools and production subjects based on the composition of productive forces.Secondly,in the investigation of the production process of capitalist machine,Marx and Engels believed that the application of machine tools(including the application of science and technology)and capitalist production are conspiratorial isomer.This point of view shows the maturity of Marx and Engels’ theory of production tools,which specifically includes that the ultimate goal of capitalist production activities is the application of machine tools to replace the main body of production.The capitalist production system based on the machine system is the real field of capital exploitation,and the machine tools are the important scientific and technological means of capital exploitation.Finally,Marx combined the production tools and machine system with the socialized mass production,pointing out the general trend of the development of tools in the future,and in this major trend pointed out that the development of human society will realize the liberation of all mankind.That is,in the transformation process from "machine system" to "socialized mass production",the development of production tools to the stage of machine system has laid a realistic foundation for the appearance of capitalist production socialization.Under the machine system,machine tools determine the development of division of labor,and the development of division of labor promotes the continuous development of production socialization and the continuous development of socialized mass production.The development of production tools agglomeration provides the possibility of human emancipation.Therefore,fully understanding the core content of Marx and Engels’ theory of production tools and mastering the triple logical structure of the whole content will help us to understand the law and general trend of the development of human society,and understand the systematical and advanced nature of Marx’s theory of production tools.Under the tide of the fourth Industrial Revolution,we can fully understand the production tools under the structure of productive forces,the machine tools under the capitalist production system,and finally the liberation tools under the background of socialized mass production,which provides a new theoretical perspective for us to understand the development of future tools,science and technology,and social development.I believe that with the development of artificial intelligence technology today,the analytical framework of artificial intelligence can not jump out of the analytical framework of Marx’s production tools theory.I also expect that human beings will continue to lead the way to liberation through the development of science and technology.