A Study Of Ancient Greek And Roman Academy (500BC-529AD)

In 387 BC,Plato founded the Akademi Academy,which is considered an ancient academic institution of higher education,lasting for more than 900 years.After that,Lucion Academy and Epicurus Academy were successively established,and the Academy became an important chapter in the history of ancient higher education.This study analyzes the development direction and prominent characteristics of Academy in different historical periods of ancient Greece and Rome,with a view to restoring the Academy in the historical vortex.The cultivation of personality excellence,the pursuit of truth and ambition,and the balance made by the influence of various forces such as the state,society,and religion in ancient Greek and Roman the Academy can also provide some reference for our contemporary higher education.The introduction mainly introduces the origin and significance of the research,summarizes and analyzes the research on ancient Greek and Roman the Academy at home and abroad,divides the development of the Academy into four stages: the classical period(500BC-338BC),the Hellenistic period(338BC-30BC),the Roman Empire period(30BC-337AD),and the theocratic period(337AD-529AD),and clarifies the development and significant characteristics of the Academy in different periods,The main direction of the study was determined.The first part of the paper mainly introduces the birth and main characteristics of the Academy in the classical period(500BC-338BC).Firstly,it introduces the historical conditions for the formation of the Academy from a macro perspective.For example,the establishment of Plato’s Academy was inseparable from the establishment of the Athenian democracy and the support of the public,the development of trade and the flow of information during the Athenian period,the promotion of philosophical trends and the influx of new ideas,good geographical advantages,and the attraction of scholars.Secondly,based on the Plato’s Academy during this period,this article discusses its establishment and appearance,teaching activities,organization and management,as well as the teachers and students in the Academy,so that we can have a deeper understanding of Plato’s Academy.The second part mainly introduces the diversified development and significant characteristics of the Academy during the Hellenistic period(338BC-30BC).During this period,under the influence of factors such as urbanization,cultural exchange,and admiration for Greek culture,the Hellenization period initiated by Alexander began to endow it with new historical forms and characteristics,with a focus on the introduction of the two typical examples,namely The Lyceum and Mouseion at Alexandria.During this period,the number of the Academy began to increase significantly,and the state began to support and regulate the Academy in the name of individuals,separating teaching and learning,opening a new era of intellectual culture.The third part mainly introduces the prosperity of Academy during the Roman Empire(30BC-337AD).Rome formally established the system of heads of state and entered the era of empire.The love of ancient Greek culture by the emperors of the Roman Empire made classical culture take root and sprout in the Roman realm.During this period,Rome began to gradually accept the Greek educational culture and traditions,especially speeches and debates,which became an important part of Roman school education.The prosperity of the Roman Empire also put forward higher requirements for education.In order to cultivate more pillars of society,the state began to regulate and intervene in educational policies in all aspects,dividing different educational institutions and levels,and standardizing the treatment and salaries of teachers.During the Roman Empire,teachers in the Academy enjoyed tax exemptions and participated in the evaluation of scholars and teachers.The fourth part mainly introduces the disappearance and decline of the Academy during the theocratic period(337AD-529AD).During this period,the emergence of Christian education led the church to dominate national education,and the development of Academy was restrained.The invasion of barbarians overwhelmed the Roman Empire,resulting in continuous economic regression,people living in dire straits,and schools closing down.Multiple factors accelerated the demise of the Academy.The development and evolution of Academy during this period,as well as the management model,educational nature,and interaction with the outside world that they embody,are of great significance for China’s current higher education.