The Influence Of Middle School Students’ Sense Of School Community On Resilience:the Mediating Role Of Psychological Empowerment And Self-efficacy

Resilience is positive psychology in which individuals are able to resist stress in the face of adversity or other traumatic events,which can protect the individuals’ mental health and buffer risk factors in the environment.School is the main growth environment for adolescent students.Students’ sense of school community formed by their interaction with other members of the school community and the environment can promote individuals’ self-efficacy,provide psychological or social resources that can promote resilience,and improve the sense of control over the environment.Studies have been shown that school community promotes psychological empowerment,self-efficacy and resilience,and both psychological empowerment and selfefficacy can further influence resilience.Based on previous research,this study combines questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview to explore the relationship between sense of school community,psychological empowerment,self-efficacy and resilience of middle school students.In study 1,1817 middle school students from Guangzhou and Jiangmen City,Guangdong Province were investigated by questionnaire.Psychological empowerment and self-efficacy as mediating variables to study the mechanism of the influence of sense of school community on resilience.In study 2,we use the semi-structured interview method,and analyze and code interview materials based on grounded theory.The results are as follows:(1)According to the quantitative study of Study 1,in terms of demographic variables,there were significant differences in sense of school community and resilience of students in gender,family structure,grade ranking,grade,and whether they are student cadres.There were significant differences in psychological empowerment in family structure,grade ranking,and whether they are student cadres.Self-efficacy differs significantly in gender,grade rankings,grades,and whether they are student cadres.(2)The data analysis of Study 1 showed that middle school students’ sense of school community positively predicted self-efficacy,psychological empowerment and resilience.Psychological empowerment and self-efficacy have a parallel mediating effect between sense of school community and resilience.(3)According to the qualitative research of Study 2,it is concluded that the sense of school community of middle school students includes three categories: learning-centered,experiencedriven,and interpersonal interaction linked;Psychological empowerment includes three categories: critical cognition,proactive strategy,and conservative action;Self-efficacy includes a category of self-ability evaluation;Resilience includes three categories: emotional response,cognitive strategy,and behavioral patterns.(4)The semi-structured interview in Study 2 confirmed the conclusions of Study 1 that students’ sense of school community promotes their self-efficacy and psychological empowerment,and contributes to their resilience in the face of stressful events.