A Study On The News Reports Of New York Times On American Relief Administration’s Aid To The USSR (1921-1923)

In 1921,a large-scale famine occurred in Russia,bringing great disaster to the Russian people.After the writer Maxim Gorky sent a request for assistance,the organization led by Herbert Hoover,the then US Secretary of Commerce,the American Relief Agency(ARA),chose to go to Russia to assist the Russian people.According to the "Riga Agreement" signed by the two sides,the Russian government allowed American media reporters to enter Russia and report on the famine situation to the outside world,which opened a window of communication between Russia and external media.How did the New York Times,as the mainstream media in the United States,report on the different stages of famine when Russia and the United States did not formally establish diplomatic relations? Combating and studying this matter from the perspective of the American media is a direction often overlooked by domestic and foreign scholars.The purpose of this article is to sort out the reports of the New York Times on different periods of the US Relief Agency’s assistance to the Soviet Union according to the time of the incident,and then analyze the subtle changes in Soviet American relations before and after the incident by analyzing the characteristics and tendencies of the report content.In order to achieve this research goal,this article will be divided into three parts to discuss,namely,introduction,text,and conclusion.The first part,Chapter 1 Introduction,mainly summarizes the research achievements of previous scholars in this field,the significance of this study,research methods and writing ideas,innovations,and shortcomings.The second part is the main text,namely Chapters 2,3,4,and 5.Chapter 2elaborates on the New York Times’ coverage of the US Relief Agency’s aid to the Soviet Union,with a focus on the domestic situation in early 1921,the famine in Soviet Russia,the process of US Relief Agency’s proposed aid to the Soviet Union,and the negotiations between the Soviet Union and Riga.Chapter 3 elaborates on the New York Times’ coverage of the US Relief Agency’s assistance to the Soviet Union,mainly involving the US Relief Agency’s relief measures,relief disagreements,and relief effectiveness.Chapter 4 elaborates on the New York Times’ coverage of the US Relief Agency’s assistance to the Soviet Union,which includes the preparation and formal departure of the US Relief Agency,as well as the return of its personnel.These three chapters,each chapter elaborates on the content and analysis of the report,which is introduced from four aspects: the source,length,characteristics,and tendency of the report.Chapter 5 elaborates on the impact and influencing factors of the New York Times report.The third part is the conclusion,which reviews the reports of the New York Times at different stages of the United States Relief Agency’s assistance to the Soviet Union,explaining that with the advancement of the assistance provided by the United States Relief Agency and the close contact between the people of the United States and the Soviet Union,the tendency of media reporting is also undergoing subtle changes,and emphasizing how to properly understand media reports in light of reality.