Comparison Of Semantic And Syntactic Functions Between "Wai"and "(?)" In Chinese And Korean

Under the influence of cognitive linguistics and language typology,the research on locative elements has regained the attention of the field of linguistics.Both Chinese language and Korean language use two sets of formal means—prepositions/particles and locative elements to express spatial relations,which means adopting both macroscopic and microscopic expression strategies.Chinese locative elements for external space mainly include "wai",while Korean has four forms for external space,namely "(?)","(?)","(?)" and "(?)".These four words have clear division of labor and common usage.Compared with Chinese,Korean expression for external space is more detailed and complex.Therefore,under what circumstances do locative elements of external space in Chinese correspond to which expression of the external space in Korean? What are the differences in the usage of locative elements for the external space between the two languages? These will be the focus of the paper.Starting from the perspective of cognition,this paper uses the theory of metaphor and image schema to carry out a corpus statistical analysis on locative elements of external space in Chinese and those in Korean.First of all,it finds out the similarities and differences between these two languages in terms of spatial orientation expression and metaphor expansion domain.And then examines the functional migration of Chinese "wai" and Korean "(?)".The first chapter makes a brief review of the research on locative elements in Chinese and Korean,and gives a detailed description of specific theories,methods and research scope of this paper.The second part analyzes the similarities and differences in the usage of locative elements between Chinese and Korean languages.Based on physical and functional properties of entities,this paper examines the selection tendency of locative elements in different dimensions,and finds the similarities and differences between the two languages from both discrete and non-discrete perspectives.It is found that when the physical attribute and functional attribute of a thing are inconsistent,both Chinese and Korean languages give priority to the functional attribute of the entity as the selection mark.The third chapter analyzes and compares the extended metaphorical meanings of the Chinese "wai" and the Korean "(?)".Through the study of the corpus,both languages expand to three abstract domains: quantity,exclusion,and social relation.From the perspective of the extended abstract domain of the external space locative elements in Chinese and Korean,there are certain commonalities,but after careful analysis,the two languages show many differences.In the fourth chapter,this paper analyzes the syntactic function of Chinese "wai" and Korean " (?) " and compares the similarities and differences in the virtualization process from positional nouns to locative elements and then to postpositions.Based on the previous research and combined with the comprehensive introduction of post-collocated words,this paper introduces the terminology and the classification standard of familiar orientation.Finally,the last part summarizes the similarities and differences between locative elements of external space in Chinese and Korean.It is hoped that the research in this paper will contribute to translation practice and comparative research and provide an effective reference for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.