Research On Land Purchase Information In The Epitaph Of Song,Liao And Jin Dynasties

The land transaction information contained in the epitaph of the Song,Liao and Jin dynasties provides valuable information for understanding the land transaction and related situations of this period.The comprehensive examination of the land purchase information in the Song,Liao and Jin epitaph mainly includes three categories:land contract,land certificate and the fact description type,among which the fact description type is the most common.The land certificate in the epitaph can be divided into two categories,real information and completely illusory land certificate.The land contract in the epitaph is a copy of the land contract in the real world,including the time of the deed,the name of the landlord,the size of the land purchase,the land scope,the land price,the witnesses for land contract and other land deed elements.In the Song dynasty,the fact-descriptive land purchase information can be divided into two types:purchase of cemetery and prenatal land.The type of land purchased by such land purchase information in the Liao and Jin dynasties is cemetery.The number of fact descriptive land information accounts for the majority of the number of land purchase information types.This paper comprehensively collects and sorts out the epitaph of song,Liao and Jin dynasties with land transaction,and deeply discusses the rich connotation of land purchase information in the epitaph of this period.The article research is mainly carried out from three aspects:first,classification.The land purchase information in the epitaph of the Song,Liao and Jin dynasties was divided into three categories,namely,land contract type,land certificate type and the fact description type.There are 43 epitaphs containing land purchase information in Song Liao and Jin dynasties,including 37 in Song dynasty,3 in Liao dynasty and 3 in Jin dynasty.Second,the composition of land buying information research.This paper compares and analyzes the information elements of land purchase information of land deeds and land bonds with the elements of actual land purchase deeds and land certificate,and compares the similarities and differences.After comparison,it is found that the writing of the elements of the land deed and coupon in the epitaph is more concise than the standard land purchase deed and land certificate,which may be related to the purpose of writing,and some elements are not necessary to write in the epitaph.At the same time,the information of land purchase in the epitaph of Song,Liao,Jin dynasties and Tang dynasty was compared to summarize its development and changes.In the Tang dynasty,the land purchase information was almost illusory,while the land purchase information was completely illusory and contains real land purchase information.Since the Tang dynasty,the land purchase information in the epitaph has revealed the protection and importance of the society to land property rights,and also reflects the prevalence of private ownership of land.The number of factual descriptive land purchase information in the epitaph of Tang,Song and Liao dynasties accounted for the majority of the three types of land purchase information,which may be related to the separate use of land purchase vouchers and land sale contracts.Third,to study the problems of land purchase information in the epitaph of Song,Liao and Jin dynasties.There are 15 land price transactions in epitaph,including flat land,sloping land,enclosures,etc.According to the land transactions recorded in the epitaph of Song,Liao and Jin dynasties,the land prices in different periods and regions were calculated to supplement the study on land prices in Song,Liao and Jin dynasties.This is of supplementary significance to the land price of Hedong Road in Song dynasty and the land price in Liao and Jin dynasties.Through comparative research,it is found that the land price is generally rising trend,and the cemetery price is higher than other types of land prices.By analyzing the Qian Mo System,tax revenue and transaction procedures involved in the land transaction of Song,Liao and Jin dynasties,this paper further understand the prevalence of the private ownership of land in this period,as well as the procedures of land transaction,such as the signing of land sale contract and neighbor priority,which is of great significance to the study of the social history and economic history of Song,Liao and Jin dynasties.At the same time,the land purchase information in the epitaph also revealed the population movement,funeral customs and religious concepts.At the same time,the land purchase information in the epitaph also revealed people’s daily life,funeral customs and religious concepts,and population mobility.The land bought in the Song dynasty was mainly influenced by Feng Shui thoughts and religious concepts.The epitaph of the Liao and Jin dynasties also reflects the funeral concept of the source at that time.By sorting out these information,the omissions of previous studies are supplemented,and the understanding of the funeral rites and customs of the Liao and Jin dynasties is enriched The population flow in the Song dynasty was mainly affected by three factors:being officials in different places,Feng Shui and religion,and moving with ancestors.Bu Ji,geomantic omen and other feng shui thoughts had an important influence on the song people in buying land for burial.And this idea is more popular in Shanxi area.