Study On The Vocabulary Of The Miao Language In Shetangpo

Shetangpo Township,located in the southwest of Jishou City,Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Hunan Province,is a Miao inhabited township.The native language of the Miao people in Shetangpo Township is the Miao language,and there are three local languages,namely,the Miao language,the local Chinese dialect and Putonghua.In different situations,the speaker will choose different codes.The author uses 3000 words of Miao-Yao language family in the National Language Protection Vocabulary List,together with some questionnaires,phrases,sentences and other survey materials designed by herself.The author has made many in-depth field investigations,collected and recorded first-hand language materials,and made a comprehensive investigation and Research on the vocabulary of the Miao language in Shetangpo,especially on the topic of loanwords.The paper consists of four chapters,a brief summary and an appendix.The first chapter is the introduction,which introduces the general situation of Shetangpo Township,including geography,population,language situation,the current situation of Miao language use,language attitude,the research status at home and abroad,the research content,methods,significance and innovations of this paper,and finally introduces the situation of pronunciation partners.The second chapter is the vocabulary of Shetangpo Miao language,which is classified into eight categories from the perspective of vocabulary system: astronomy,geography and so on.From the perspective of word meaning,the vocabulary of Shetangpo Miao language is classified into homophones,Synonyms and antonyms,monosyllabic words and polysemous words,and characteristic words of Shetangpo Miao language.This paper analyzes the word-formation of Shetangpo Miao language,and describes the word-formation of Shetangpo Miao language in detail from the perspective of simple words and compound words.The third chapter is the monographic study of the Miao loanwords in Shetangpo.This paper analyzes the reasons for the emergence of loanwords,the ways of borrowing and the forms of existence.The basic situation(proportion,etc.)Of loanwords in nearly3000 words investigated is statistically analyzed,and the characteristics of loanwords are analyzed from the semantic point of view.This chapter focuses on the historical level of Chinese loanwords in Shetangpo Miao language.From the vocabulary of the survey,three categories of loanwords are sorted out,including 14 loanwords in ancient times,12 loanwords in medieval times,26 in early modern times,21 in late modern times and15 in modern times.Finally,the author analyzes the influence of loanwords on the vocabulary system of Shetangpo Miao language in four aspects.It not only enriches the vocabulary of Shetangpo Miao language,forms the coexistence of Synonyms,causes the elimination and substitution of words,but also changes the origin of Shetangpo Miao language vocabulary.The fourth chapter describes the evolution of the vocabulary of the Miao language in Shetangpo.The main reasons for the evolution of vocabulary are the evolution of language,the flow of population,the change of language concept and the communication between Han and Miao people.The characteristics of vocabulary evolution are that the use of vocabulary tends to be simplified and the number of vocabulary tends to be reduced.There are two main forms of the evolution of word meaning,namely,the difference in the scope of word meaning and the difference in the emotional color of word meaning.Finally,the paper puts forward several measures and suggestions to slow down the disappearance of the Miao vocabulary in Shetangpo.