Research On The Chongqing Publishing Commercial Trade Association During The Anti-Japanese War

After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,the National government moved its capital to Chongqing and the national publishing center moved westward.With the turning of the war,major publishing institutions,newspaper offices and editors gathered in Chongqing,and Chongqing became the national publishing center during the war.In order to facilitate the management of publishing business,it is imperative to establish a new publishing trade association.In August 1943,with the support of the National Government and the promotion of big publishing organizations such as Zhonghua and Zhengzhong,Chongqing Publishing Industry Trade Association was established.Since its establishment,Chongqing Publishing Industry Trade Association has been constantly adjusting and improving the internal governance structure of the industry organization,which is more modern and open compared with the old publishing industry organization.During this period,the internal organization of Chongqing Publishing Industry Commercial Trade Association included the board of directors,the board of supervisors,the general assembly and other power organs,which checked and coordinated with each other.At the same time,it also sets up a corresponding office under the Board of Supervisors,forming a clear division of labor,efficient and scientific operation mechanism,and the internal organization of the guild is more professional and institutionalized.The function of Chongqing Publishing Industry Trade Association is divided into two parts: internal governance and external communication.In terms of internal governance,in addition to the continuation of the traditional economic functions of regulating industry order and mediating trade disputes,trade associations also convened members to carry out book donations for the Anti-Japanese War because of the overall background.In terms of outreach function,trade associations actively carried out propaganda of Anti-Japanese War culture,assisted the government to investigate bad reading materials,and fought for freedom of publication.In terms of social function,the trade association is also enthusiastic about social welfare undertakings and helps the development of educational undertakings.The realization of these functions cannot be separated from the interaction between Chongqing Publishing Trade Association and the government,chamber of commerce and other social groups.In the interaction with the government,on the one hand,the publishing industry trade association needs to rely on the power of the government to control the industry,and at the same time,the power of the government will constantly affect the autonomy of the trade association.Over time,in the power game with the government,the trade association is in a weak position with insufficient autonomy,and its effectiveness will be limited.For example,under the harsh wartime censorship of the Nationalist government,the publishing Guild was once speechless.This paper will take the Chongqing publishing industry Trade Association during the Anti-Japanese War as the main object of study,and use the abundant original archival materials of Chongqing Archives to introduce relevant theories of industrial and commercial trade organizations,and try to analyze the internal organization setting,industry construction and specific performance of the social functions of the publishing industry trade association during this period.Make the public have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of Chongqing Publishing industry Trade Association.