Ran You Researc

As one of the "four disciplines and ten philosophers",Ran You had outstanding political and managerial abilities,and his ability to govern the world was highly appreciated by Confucius,which was often reflected in the Analects of Confucius.According to the documents handed down in pre-Qin Dynasty,Ran You was from a low background and was a "Zhong Gong clan".In the Zhuan of Zuo,Ran You’s battle against the Qi army is recorded in detail,which reflects his military ability.Judging from the Analects of Confucius,Ran You has a distinct personality,which is not only cautious and thoughtful when confronted with a problem,but also mild,honest and eloquent.An overview of the Analects of Confucius and the annotated editions of the Analects of Confucius shows that there were great differences between Ran You and Confucius in economic,political and social aspects.First of all,in terms of economy,Confucius advocated "enriching the people",emphasizing justice over profit,and limiting the rulers’ excessive taxation of the people.Ran You helped Ji family amass wealth and gain ill-gotten gains from the people without the restriction of propriety.Confucius believed that the purpose of being "rich" was to educate the people.Ran You was keen on the cultivation of rites and music,and did not consider "teaching" after being "rich".Confucius put forward the idea of "equalizing wealth" in order to ease social conflicts,advocating the relative balance of interests among different classes.Ran argues that the concentration of wealth among those in power widens the gap between rich and poor.In politics,Confucius cultivated the virtues to secure the people,and Ran You obeyed Ji’s idea to expand the territory by military attack.Confucius stressed that a man and his minister should "serve the king by the way,and not by the rules".In his position,Ran You failed to do his duty and safeguard the interests of political reality,which also reflected Ran You’s realism and contradicted Confucius’ s adherence to idealism.In the social aspect,Confucius took propriety as the principle and emphasized moderation,while Ran You did not stick to propriety.Confucius advocated teaching Ran you according to his aptitude.He gave special education to Ran You according to his characteristics.For Ran You’s subjective "lack of strength",Confucius made a point of telling Ran you that he could not draw the ground.The Analects of Confucius recorded many times that Ran You did not pay attention to the problem of etiquette.Confucius was also good at giving instructions and never tired of trouble.It was under the cultivation of Confucius to teach students according to their aptitude that Ran You made great progress in politics.Some of Confucius’ comments on Ran were both positive and negative,indicating that some of Ran’s strengths and weaknesses were obvious.His strengths were outstanding political ability and versatility,and some of Ran’s talents were related to economy,military affairs and management.The disadvantage is that Ran you failed to reach the realm of "benevolence",focusing on the quantity limit of "organ".In addition to Confucius,there are positive and negative evaluations of Ran You in the classics from the Pre-Qin period to the Han and Wei dynasties,affirming Ran You’s ability in political economy,management and financial management,and criticizing Ran You for violating Confucian benevolence and rites as a disciple of Confucius.From the Han Dynasty to the Song Dynasty,the image of Ran You generally maintained the original appearance recorded in the Analects of Confucius.In the Song Dynasty,with the rise of Neo-Confucianism,Confucian scholars adhered to the moral theory of the gentleman and rationalize and speculate the chapters about Ran You,which led to the image of Ran You into the characteristics of Neo-Confucianism.In the Qing Dynasty,the trend of economic and practical application and the trend of textual examination prevailed.Scholars focused on examining Ran You’s life story and could make a more comprehensive and fair evaluation of Ran You’s governing strategies.