Analysis Of Historical Materialism In < Critique Of Dialectical Reason>

Jean-Paul Sartre(June 21,1905-April 15,1980),a French existentialist Marxist,in his philosophical masterpiece "Critique of Dialectical Reason",expected to build a totalized history through personal practice,thus proving that history is the totalized development process based on personal practice,and proving the effectiveness of historical materialism.However,he was not satisfied with the dogmatic development of Marxism in the world in the 1950 s and 1960 s,and was not satisfied with the incomprehensibility of historical materialism.He questioned the rationality of dialectical materialism as the basis of historical materialism,and accused Soviet-style Marxism of having a "human space".Therefore,he decided to rebuild historical materialism with a critical new humanism.Sartre believes that the biggest defect of dogmatic Marxism is the separation of theory and practice.The root of this separation is that there are problems in the methodological basis of historical materialism and the lack of the comprehensibility basis of historical materialism.In his book Critique of Dialectical Reason,Sartre carried out extensive discussions and argumentation around the methodological basis and comprehensibility basis of historical materialism,taking personal practical activities as the source of dialectics and bringing them into social and historical investigation,and integrating existentialism and Marxism in theory.There is no doubt that Sartre has provided a new theoretical paradigm and perspective for the reconstruction of historical materialism,and has put forward many ideas that deserve attention and research,which is of positive significance.However,his interpretation model of historical initiative,which regards the basis of historical development as the irrational subjective factors of individuals separated from the mode of production,is doomed to be nothing more than a magnificent pavilion in the air,whether it is "supplementing" Marxism or "rebuilding" historical materialism.The Critique of Dialectical Reason is an important document of Sartre on his existential Marxist thought.Some basic thoughts and views have an important impact on the reconstruction of Marxist historical materialism in later generations and the contemporary application of historical materialism.Based on this understanding,this paper will briefly sort out and explain the connotation of his historical materialism reconstruction theory,It also makes a corresponding analysis of its lack of scientific basis.