Research On Phonological System Of Xifeng Dialect In Gansu Province

Xifeng(西峰)dialect belongs to the Qinlong subgroup of Zhongyuan mandarin.This paper takes the Dongzhi old dialect of Xifeng as the object of study,describes the phonological system of Xifeng dialect through field phonetic investigation,sorts out the monosyllabic word table,phonological coordination table and homonym vocabulary,sums up the law of synchronic phonetic change of Xifeng dialect,and summarizes the phonetic characteristics of Xifeng dialect.Xifeng dialect has 25 initial consonants,43 vowels and 4 tones.Compared with Mandarin,Xifeng dialect has fewer He Kou Xu zero-vowels.Except for the unit vowel[u],the other zero-vowel consonants in Xifeng dialect are all opening vowels with initial consonant[v];there is no front nasal tail vowel in Xifeng dialect,the front nasal tail vowel in Xifeng dialect reads the nasal tail vowel[??、i?、u?、??、y?]and nasalized vowel[?、i?、u?、??、y?].There are differences between the old and the new in Xifeng dialect:the ancient Ni initials and the ancient Lai initials meet the consonants in the He Kou Xu today,read[1]consonants in the Xifeng、Nanjie and other places,and read[n]consonants in the new pronunciation.There are seven tone variations in the two-character group of non-light word in Xifeng dialect;The light tone two-character group can be divided into two types:the first is 21 tones,which is short and light,and the second is 53 tones,which is not short or light.Xifeng dialect has seven Er Hua vowels,which are mainly used for personal names and monosyllabic nouns,expressing small meanings and cordial,loving or relaxed tones.Through the comparison with the ancient sound system,we can sum up the following phonetic features of Xifeng dialect:in terms of initial consonants,the ancient Ni initials are pronounced[l]in the Xe Kou Hu,and they are called[n]in the Kai Kou Xu,and in the Cuo Kou Hu and Qi Chi Xu,they are called together[?].The ancient Zhi group、Zhuang group and Zhang group converge into two groups of tongue tip sounds:[ts、tsh、s]and[t?、t?h、?],and the Yi initials and Ying initials in the present Xifeng dialect read the tip of the tongue[?、?、n、v、?].In terms of vowels,the ancient Yu group closed characters and the Zhen、Tong group closed Rusheng characters read the tip of the tongue[u、?、?、y],and the confluence of ancient Sheng,Zhen,Zeng groups and Rusheng characters in Tong group is[??、i?、u?、??、y?].In terms of tone,ancient unvoiced consonants and sub-voiced consonants read Yinping,while ancient Rusheng voiced consonants read Yangping.