A Comparative Study Of Verb-directional Structure "V Qi" And "V Qilai"

"v Qi" and "v Qilai" are typical Verb-directional Structures in modern Chinese,"qi" and "qilai" are complements in the structure.There are many similarities between"v Qi" and "v Qilai" in terms of syntax,semantics and pragmatics.Sometimes they can replace each other,sometimes they can’t At present,scholars have done a lot of single researches on "v Qi" and "v Qilai",but few comparative studies between the two,mainly focusing on the acquisition of "v Qi" and "v Qilai" by international students.Taking "v Qi" and "v Qilai" as the research objects,this paper sorts out 1223 verbs in "Chinese Verb Usage Dictionary",and investigates the example sentences and more than 5000 corpus in the BCC corpus,self-built corpus and WeChat public account.By comparing the similarities and differences between "v Qi" and "v Qilai",the main findings are as follows:In terms of the characteristics of "V","v Qi" tends to use monosyllabic verbs,while in "v Qilai",both monosyllabic verbs and two-syllable verbs can be used.Verbs that can enter "v Qi" can basically enter "v Qilai".The types of verbs that can enter "v Qi" are more abundant than "v Qilai".Semantically,both "v Qi" and "v Qilai" can represent "the trend","the result","the initial",in addition,they also can have no lexical meaning.But "v Qilai" also means a certain ability;"v Qilai" can mean a change in measure and degree.The subjective meaning of "v Qi" focuses on expressing things that the speaker is subjectively involved in;"v Qilai" can be used to elicit a speaker’s opinion or to evaluate things from a certain perspective.Syntactically,"v Qi" can be used as a syntactic component or a special component,such as an interjection,and can even form a sentence independently;while "v Qi" can only serve as a syntactic component;"v Qi" and "v Qilai" can be used as predicates."v Qi" is often followed by an object;"v Qilai" basically has no object.In a sentence,there are two main situations for the interchange of "v Qi" and "v Qilai":(1)"v Qi" and "v Qilai" are not directly followed by an object,and there are adverbial modifications in front,or they are in a linked sentence or in a compound sentence;(2)"v Qi" and "v Qilai" are directly followed by an object,and the object is modified by a quantifier."Qi" and "v Qilai" have the same grammaticalization process,but the degree of grammaticalization of "v Qilai" higher than "v Qi".