Study On State Words Of Xiangshan Dialect

Xiangshan dialect belongs to Taihu Lake Wu dialect(also called north Wu).This paper takes the state words of Xiangshan dialect as the research object,and on the basis of collecting corpus as much as possible,analyzes the grammatical characteristic of the state words of Xiangshan dialect.This paper is divided into six parts.In the introduction,we first summarize the research results of modern Chinese state words and Yongjiang dialect state words.Secondly,we introduce xiangshan geography and historical evolution,dialect research results.Thirdly,we explain the significance of xiangshan dialect state words.Furthermore,we illustrate the corpus source and style of the article.Finally,we describe the phonology of Xiangshan dialect.In the first chapter,we investigate the compound state words of Xiangshan dialect,and analyze the formation modes and characteristics of seven types of compound state words in Xiangshan dialect,including “AB”,“ACB”,“ACDB”,“ACBD”,“CDAB”,“ABCD”and “ABC”.We find that “AB” and its “ACB” and“ACDB” variants in Xiangshan dialect increase in the degree with the number of syllables.As far as quantity is concerned,it shows a decreasing trend due to the influence of language environment.In the second chapter,we expound the overlapping state words of Xiangshan dialect.There is a complete overlap type of the “AABB based on AB”.There are seven incomplete overlap types: “AAx”(including “AA 个 ” and “AA 动 ”),“ 隑 AA”,“ABC”,“AAB”,“AABC”,“BAA”,“ABB” and “ABCC”.There are two indirect overlap types: “A 里 AB” and “ABAx”.There is a superposition type of the“AABB ”.What’s more,there are three types of folded overlap: “ABA”,“ABAC” and“ABCB”.On this basis,we analyze the formation mode and characteristics of various overlapping state words in Xiangshan dialect.Besides,we focus on the analysis of the reasons for the differences in the representation degree of overlapping state words in Xiangshan dialect,including the number of syllables,component position and component semantics.By comparing the reasons for the differences in the degree of the overlapping state words in other Chinese dialects,it is found that the number of syllables and the position of the components are the common factors affecting the overlapping state word degree of Chinese dialects.As far as the component position factors are concerned,different from other dialects of Chinese,it is the position of the central morpheme rather than the position of the actual morpheme that affects the degree of the overlapping state words in Xiangshan dialect.In the third chapter,we describe the additional state words of Xiangshan dialect.There is one type of prefixed state words:“xy AB”.There are three types of suffix state words: “Axyz”,“AB 里”and “ABxy”.In addition,there are two types of interval additional state words:“x Ay B” and“Ax By”.On this basis,we analyze the emotional color,degree meaning and the condition that the roots can match with the affixes of all kinds of additional state words in Xiangshan dialect.In the fourth chapter,we discuss the related issues of Xiangshan dialect states words.First,we compare and analyze the similarities and differences of the syntactic functions of the Xiangshan dialect states words and modern Chinese states words,and find out the additional conditions for the Xiangshan dialect states words to act as syntactic components in sentences.For example,a state word acts as an adverbial in a sentence,and the semantics of a state word should point to both the subject and the verb it modifies.Then,we discuss the situation that Xiangshan dialect states words can be combined with degree adverbs.By comparing the collocation of state words and degree adverbs in modern Chinese,we find that the structure of “a adverb of high degree + a state word with lower degree of meaning” is one of the characteristics of Xiangshan dialect.This kind of collocation phenomenon is born in response to people’s needs of expression on the premise of following the “conversational cooperation principle”.In the epilogue,we summarize the research results of this paper.