The Investigation And Research On The Grottoes Of The Northern Wei Dynasty In Bingling Temple Grottoes

The excavation of the Bingling Temple Grottoes has gone through three climax stages of the Western Qin Dynasty,the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty.Among them,the Northern Wei Dynasty,as a prosperous period in the development history of Chinese Buddhism,set off the wind of opening the caves in the Central Plains.The Buddhist statues of the Northern Wei Dynasty are therefore typical in the history of Buddhist statues.and representation.The author conducts a systematic study on the existing 47 Northern Wei cave niches and 4 Northern Wei murals in the Bingling Temple Grottoes through on-the-spot investigation and combined with handed down documents.On the basis of field investigation and literature collection,the archaeological typology method is used to classify the relatively well-preserved cave niches and statues in the caves of the Northern Wei Dynasty.Among them,the shape of the caves is mainly flat and square with the top of the bucket.The statues are mainly Buddha statues and Bodhisattva statues.Buddha statues are composed of sitting Buddha,standing Buddha and reclining Buddha.Bodhisattva statues are further divided into four types according to different clothing.At the same time,it will interpret the 4 existing murals of the Northern Wei Dynasty,so as to have a comprehensive understanding of the contents of the Northern Wei caves in Bingling Temple.Secondly,the Northern Wei statues of Bingling Temple are the most representative of the two Buddhas sitting side by side,the thousand Buddha statues,the Nirvana statues and the three Buddha statues,which reflect the Faith in Mahayana Buddhism,the belief in Nirvana and the belief in the Three Buddhas in Bingling.The popularity of the temple in the Northern Wei Dynasty and its far-reaching influence on the excavation of the statues in the caves of the Northern Wei Dynasty.Finally,by comparing with the representative grottoes of the Northern Wei Dynasty,Yungang Grottoes,and the Maijishan Grottoes,which are also located in the Longyou area of the Silk Road,it is found that the Northern Wei statues in Bingling Temple were influenced by Yungang Grottoes II and III.It has a great influence during the period.The similarity between the hanging seat of the Northern Wei statues in Maiji Mountain and the hanging seat of the Northern Wei Dynasty in Bingling Temple also reflects the unique artistic style of the hanging seat of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the Bingling Temple Grottoes by Bingling craftsmen.feature.At present,there are few research results on the caves of the Northern Wei Dynasty in Bingling Temple,and there is a lack of systematic sorting and textual research.Therefore,this article focuses on the background of the opening of the caves,the overall sorting of the contents of the caves,the subject matter of the statues,and the comparison between the Yungang Grottoes and the Maijishan Grottoes.In the face of the comprehensive and in-depth exploration and research of the Northern Wei Dynasty caves in Bingling Temple,it is hoped that the academic community will have a deeper understanding of the statues in the Northern Wei Dynasty in the Bingling Temple Caves.