Study On The Regional Geography Of Livelihood In The Neolithic Ag

Production is an important research content of the theory of man-land relationship.It is a scientific subject to analyze the relationship between the formation of production form of human society and geographical environment from multiple perspectives.It is a scientific,reasonable and effective way to study the industry of Neolithic Age with the theory and method of regional historical geography.The Yellow River basin is one of the origins of Neolithic culture,one of the origins of Chinese agricultural development,and one of the centers and origins of millet agriculture in the world.The Neolithic Age was also a time of transformation from gathering,fishing and hunting to settling down in agriculture.Therefore,the research on the Neolithic biological industry in the Yellow River basin is representative and can realize the research goal of analyzing the general law of the development of the Neolithic biological industry in terms of the regional biological characteristics.By sorting out the information of Neolithic remains in the Yellow River basin,and using the alternative index system of production to analyze the homogeneity of production,the Yellow River basin is divided into Huangtao basin,Jingwei basin,Fenhe basin,Yiluo basin and Dawen river basin,in order to restore the production and production status of the Yellow River basin in the Neolithic age.Through the investigation of the industry research in the Yellow River basin,this paper discusses the regional difference,unity and regional spatial structure of the industry in the Neolithic Age,and analyzes the historical and geographical driving factors of the development and evolution of the industry in the Neolithic Age.To be specific,this paper is divided into two parts:the introduction and the main text.The main text includes two parts:the first chapters are the case study of the biologic geography of the Yellow River Basin,the second and third chapters are the general laws of biologic regional geography,and the final chapter is the summary of important conclusions.The details are as follows:The introduction mainly defines the concept of "bioscience",combed the research status of the bioscience in the Neolithic Age in China and the Yellow River Basin,and determined the research ideas and methods according to the deficiencies,omisses and important inspirations of the existing research results.Finally,the basin scope,cultural sequence and site distribution of the Yellow River basin are briefly described.In the first chapter,an Alternative index system is established to reconstruct the neolithic living conditions in the Yellow River basin.According to the excavations and characteristics of Neolithic remains in the Yellow River basin,this paper decompositions the abstract object of study into four first-level proxy indicators:tool remains,plant remains,animal remains,and settlement remains.The tool remains included three secondary surrogate indexes,bone horn mussel tool,stone tool and pottery.Plant remains include two secondary surrogate indexes:large plant remains and microplant remains.Animal remains include human tooth remains,fish remains,wild animal remains,herbivorous animal remains and omnivorous animal remains of five secondary surrogate indicators;Settlement remains include farmland remains,crypt remains,house site and tomb remains,handicraft workshop remains four secondary surrogate indicators.Then using the established index system of the profession of alternative excavated neolithic remains matching with the Yellow River,from the development and utilization of plant resources,animal resources development and utilization,production tools and upgrade,the scale of production and production facilities in four aspects,observes the neolithic remains unearthed in the Yellow River,to show the index system of profession alternative use.Then the Yellow River basin is divided into five regions:Huang-Tao basin,Jing-Wei basin,Fenhe basin,Yiluo basin and Dawen river basin,and the restoration of the living and working conditions is carried out respectively.The second chapter summarizes the general law of the evolution of the Neolithic industry on the basis of the case study of the Yellow River basin.In the process of the evolution of the industry,it has experienced the change from the primitive activities of gathering,fishing and hunting to the agricultural settled life,which is the main line of the development of the industry,but in some areas or in a certain period of time there will be repeated phenomenon of the industry.There are many forms of biological evolution,which can be summarized into four kinds:absorption,assimilation,proliferation and exclusion.In terms of the nature of production areas,production areas can be divided into primary and secondary production areas.From the level of production area,production area can be divided into core area and marginal area.Through the discussion of the nature and hierarchy of the biological area,the spatial structure of the biological area in the Neolithic Age in the Yellow River Basin is interpreted,and then the spatial structure of the biological area in the Neolithic Age in China is constructed.The third chapter explains the historical and geographical driving factors of the development and evolution of subsistence industry in the Neolithic Age from the perspectives of nature and humanity.Firstly,the stable and arid climate drives the development and spatial expansion of dryland farming.Rivers were the primary reason why people chose to settle down.The formation of human settlements is manifested as the point distribution along the river,and then gathered into a patchy site group.The geographic units with good illumination,gentle slope and small topographic relief are the clusters of settlements in the Neolithic Age.In addition,the invention and improvement of means of production promoted the development of productive forces;The upgrading of production technology has adaptability to production activities;Production facilities are an important part of production space.Cultural continuity and the development of production and industry form a benign interaction.