Research And Application Of Rust Resistance Of Adzuki Beans Induced By 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic Aci

Adzuki bean rust caused by Uromyces vignae-siensis Miura occurs in all adzuki bean planting areas in China,which seriously affects the yield and quality of adzuki bean.Exploring the use of exogenous disease resistance inducers to prevent and control U.vignae is an important way to achieve green prevention and control of U.vignae.Preliminary research of the research group found that four plant hormones,including salicylic acid（SA）,methyl jasmonate（Me JA）,benzothiadiazole（BTH）,and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid（ACC）could significantly improve the resistance to rust in the adzuki bean susceptible variety"BQH",and the effect of ACC-induced resistance is the most significant.To deeply understand the mechanism of ACC-induced rust resistance in adzuki beans,and to lay a foundation for the field application of ACC to improve the resistance of adzuki bean againstl U.vignae,To understand the mechanism of ACC-induced adzuki bean resistance,investigate the incidence of each treatment after challenge inoculation,and systematically analyze the characteristics of ACC-induced U.vignae resistance.The field experiments were also conducted to clarify the effectiveness and application potential of using the ACC-induced resistance for U.vignae control and to provide new ideas for the formulation of sustainable control strategies for U.vignae.The following research results were obtained:1.The results of ACC induction resistance study showed that the number of uredium on the leaf surface was 25.13/1.5 cm²after challenge inoculation with U.vignae 2 d after exogenous ACC stimulation treatment.Which was significantly lower than 59.12/1.5 cm²of the unstimulated inoculation control.At the same time,it was observed that ACC induced adzuki bean seedlings to present an ethylene"triple response"of apical hooks,increased stem diameter and plant dwarfing,indicating that exogenous ACC activated adzuki bean endogenous ethylene signaling pathway and induced resistance of U.vignae.2.The results of ACC-induced resistance and changes in hydrogen peroxide（H₂O₂）content showed that during the U.vignae infection process,the H₂O₂content of adzuki bean leaves stimulated treatment with ACC and unstimulated treatment after challenging inoculation with U.vignae showed a bimodal trend at different times,The first stage peak appeared at 24 h after inoculation.At this time,the H₂O₂content in the leaves challenged with U.vignae after the ACC stimulated treatment was significantly higher than that of the unstimulated treatment inoculated control by 9.4%.Reached the peak again at 120 h after the inoculation.At this time,the H₂O₂content in the leaves challenged with U.vignae after the ACC stimulated treatment was significantly higher than that of the unstimulated treatment inoculated control by 17.8%.It indicated that ACC promoted the accumulation of H₂O₂by activating the ethylene signaling pathway to improve the U.vignae resistance of adzuki bean.3.The study on the characteristics of U.vignae resistance of adzuki bean induced by ACC showed that,when adzuki bean seedlings were inoculated with U.vignae 2 d after the ACC stimulation treatment,the disease degree of the leaves was significantly reduced,and the number of uredium on the leaf surface was only 23.99/1.5 cm².The resistance level of inoculated leaves after ACC stimulation treatment was similar to that after treatment 2 d,and there was no significant difference.The number of uredium in the leaves inoculated 6 d after ACC stimulation treatment increased significantly,and the resistance level was significantly lower than that of the induction treatments on the 2 d and 4 d.The leaves inoculated on the 8 d after ACC stimulation treatment treatment had no significant difference with the control.It indicated that the optimal interval of ACC-induced resistance was 2-4 d,and the lasting period was about 6 d.The results of the study on the systemic resistance induced by ACC showed that the number of uredium in the challenge-inoculated leaves after ACC stimulated was 28.45/1.5 cm²,which was significantly lower than the 62.27/1.5 cm²of the unexcited leaves opposite to true leaves treated with ACC stimulated.It indicated that ACC did not have the effect of inducing systemic resistance in adzuki bean.4.The field test results of using ACC to induce resistance to control U.vignae showed that the number of leaf uredium in the ACC treatment area was 18.06/1.5 cm²,which was significantly lower than that in the untreated control area（34.86/1.5 cm²）.The test results of different treatment areas at harvest showed that the effective pod length was 80.06 mm,the effective seed number per pod was 7.92,the 100-seed weight was 10.45 g in the ACC treatment area,Each trait index was significantly higher than the control area.After calculating the theoretical yield of each treatment area,it was found that the theoretical yield of the ACC treatment area was 2422.70 kg/hm²,which was 19.07%higher than that of the control 2034.54kg/hm².This indicated that ACC had the potential for field control of U.vignae.