Mining The Spatiotemporal Hotspots Of Urban Shared Bicycles And Analyzing The Balance Of Connecting Subway Station

Shared bicycles are a low-carbon,green,and convenient new type of public transportation mode;On the one hand,it provides new choices for residents’ short distance travel;On the other hand,new solutions have been provided for the "first kilometer" and "last kilometer" issues of residents connecting public transportation(subways,buses,etc.).However,in recent years,the development of shared bicycles in China has been rapid,with excessive placement of shared bicycles in cities,resulting in disorderly parking and parking of vehicles,thereby affecting the appearance of the city;Inefficient vehicle scheduling and reduced residents’ sense of experience.Therefore,scientific exploration of the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of urban shared bicycle riding and the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of shared bicycle users for different travel purposes can provide a clearer understanding of the travel behavior and flow characteristics of urban residents,and provide reliable basis for the rational arrangement and optimization scheduling of shared bicycles in cities.This study is based on the Global Positioning System(GPS)recorded data and Point of Interest(POI)data for shared cycling.Firstly,statistical analysis methods are used to deeply mine the spatiotemporal characteristics of shared bicycle riding;Secondly,based on methods such as spatiotemporal cube model and emerging spatiotemporal hotspot analysis,the characteristics,spatiotemporal patterns,and spatiotemporal patterns of shared bicycles in cities are analyzed;Finally,based on the urban POI dataset,an improved LDA model combined with the implicit Dirichlet distribution(LDA)topic model and gravity model is introduced to identify the purpose of shared bicycle users;Finally,taking the subway station connection as an example,the equilibrium and impact range of shared bicycles connected by subway stations are analyzed,and the following conclusions are drawn:(1)According to statistics on the number and time distribution of shared bicycle orders,as well as the distance and time traveled by users,the highest proportion of users within 2000 meters in Shenzhen and Shanghai is 87%;About 82% of shared bicycle users in Shenzhen and Shanghai have a cycling time of less than 20 minutes,with the highest proportion of users cycling between 6-12 minutes(39.21% and 38.46%in Shanghai,43.16% and 43.14% in Shenzhen).Research has shown that shared bicycles provide convenience for residents’ short distance travel in cities,and urban residents are more inclined to choose shared bicycles for trips with shorter cycling distances or times.(2)Studying the cycling hotspots of shared bicycles can reflect the urban center structure.This article uses a spatiotemporal cube model and emerging spatiotemporal hotspot analysis methods to explore the dynamic change patterns of urban hotspot areas.The hot spots for shared bicycles in Shenzhen are concentrated in the southern part of Bao’an District,Nanshan District,Futian District,Luohu District,and the southern part of Longhua District,reflecting the multi center urban structure of Shenzhen;Shanghai has one main center and four sub centers,so the hot spots of bike sharing in Shanghai are concentrated in the Bund,People’s Square,Nanjing Road,Huaihai Road,North Sichuan Road and other areas.(3)This paper introduces a method combining the traditional topic model and gravity model to identify different travel purposes of bike sharing users.Research has found that the emergence of shared bicycles mainly serves urban commuters and students,addressing their daily travel needs,and serves the urban public transportation system,addressing the "first kilometer" and "last kilometer" issues of residents’ travel.The method of connecting shared bicycles to urban subway travel is a new transportation conversion method.Therefore,this study takes the Shenzhen subway station as an example to explore the balance of shared bicycles near the subway station and the attractiveness of the subway station to shared bicycle users.Firstly,the surplus and loss of subway stations are mainly related to residential communities and work areas,and are mainly concentrated during morning and evening peak hours.Secondly,in terms of the affected areas,the central urban area has a high degree of comprehensive land use,and the subway station has a large attraction area for shuttle rides;In single land use areas(residential communities),shuttle cycling is more inclined to solve the "first kilometer" of residents’ travel,manifested as a wider attraction area for shuttle cycling to reach subway stations.Finally,taking Futian subway station in Shenzhen as an example,this study explores the impact areas of shared bicycle users’ arrival and departure from the subway station on urban residents at different time periods.