A Study Of The Pragmatic Marker“NI V_kan Zhe”

There are such discourse elements in modern Chinese,which are mainly used to mark some speech acts or emotional attitudes of the speaker.If they are deleted from the sentence,the propositional meaning of the sentence will not be affected.Such discourse elements are the pragmatic markers to be discussed in this studyIn modern Chinese,the words"ni kan zhe","ni qiao zhe"and"ni chou zhe"have the characteristics of oral style,they are not related to other syntactic components in some contexts,and they has relatively independent intonation units.They have non-truth conditional meaning and they are often used by speakers to express speech acts or attitudes.Their syntactic distribution is relatively flexible,which accords with the basic characteristics of pragmatic markers.In this study,the three words are collectively referred to as pragmatic markers"ni v_kanzhe".The pragmatic marker has a variety of variations,mainly manifested in the retirement of the personal pronoun"ni"or replaced by"ni men"and"nin";They often used with the modal particle"ba/ba/a/hao le/jiu shi";Between the personal pronoun and"v_kanzhe",the adverbial phrase"gei wo"can be added to express the speaker’s strong warning attitude.Based on the syntactic position distribution of the pragmatic marker"ni v_kanzhe",this paper analyzes and investigates its usage pattern,and finds that"ni v_kanzhe+S"is its basic usage pattern.Influenced by the content and semantics of"S",the pragmatic marker"ni v_kanzhe"has the semantic characteristics of subjectivity and motivation.The functions of the pragmatic marker"ni v_kanzhe"are mainly embodied in three aspects:interpersonal interaction function,discourse coherence function and meta-pragmatic function.The function of interpersonal interaction is manifested in that it can define the communicative object,mark the oath,prediction and dissent of the speaker.The function of discourse coherence is mainly embodied in four aspects:spread out a topic,continuation of topic,change the topic and ending the topic.The use of this pragmatic marker is selected under the guidance of meta-pragmatic awareness,it is often used by speakers to remind listeners to pay attention to their expected information and express a positive attitude towards the occurrence of unexpected events,so it has the meta-pragmatic function of enhancing the discourse power and enhancing the credibility of the prophecy content.According to the nature and function of the pragmatic marker"ni v_kanzhe",this paper hypothesizes and verifies its source structure,and concludes that its source structure is the imperative sentence"v_kanzhe!"The conclusion of its formation process is as follows:from the discourse component of expressive action domain meaning to the pragmatic marker of expressive cognitive or language domain meaning.Pragmatic inference,subjectivization and pragmaticalization are the main motivation and mechanism of the formation of the pragmatic markers.