| Aim:This study tries to explore the possible cognitive differences between lying and honesty.Lying may activate the cognition of immorality in the moral schema when people lie for a certain purpose.This process is automated and unconscious,which gives another cognitive distinction to lying and honesty,may manifest the conceptual metaphor effect and affect the event-related potential(ERP)component.Method:This study contains two experiments.The first experiment explores whether lying behavior has an implicit cognitive connection with moral sense.The experiment used a belief lying paradigm with a between-subject design.Recruiting 160 subjects divided into honest group and lying group,requires two groups of subjects respectively honest / lie do some problems closely related to themself,complete the social attitude questionnaire,to evaluate the moral degree and the subjective acceptance degree of some neutral moral events(event description was collected by questionnaire before the experiment),and analyze if there were differences in the scores.The second experiment explored whether lying activated the vertical spatial metaphorical effect of morality and showed differences in the ERP components.The experiment used the prompt lying and space stroop paradigm,2(honest / lying)×2(spatial / space)design,a total of 30 participants were recruited to participate in the experiment.After honesty / lying to determine whether the responses and ERP components are different in the upper / lower space.Results:Experiment 1:For the same event description,participants who did not participate in answering questions(control group),answer questions honestly(honest group)and answer questions dishonestly(lying group)showed the moral score and acceptance score significant differences.The control group had the highest score,followed by the honest group,and the lying group had the lowest score.The honest and control groups scored significantly more acceptance than moral scores when scoring the material,but there was no significant difference between the moral score and the acceptance score.Experiment 2:After answering the question honestly,the subject’s reaction time to the star above the person was shorter than the star below the person,lying answer was the opposite.The main effect of response mode and star position were not significant,and the interaction was significant.On the N200 component,near the CZ,CPZ and PZ electrodes,honest group participants saw that the lower stimulus produced a stronger negative deflection strength,longer duration,and shorter latency than the upper stimulus,lying group was the opposite.On the P300 component,near the CPZ,PZ and POZ electrodes,honest group participants saw that the lower stimulus produced a stronger positive deflection intensity and a longer duration than the upper stimulus,lying group was the opposite.The late positive potentials(LPP)in the area around the FCZ,CZ and CPZ electrodes showed that in honesty-down and lying-up conditions the ERP waveform produces significant positive polarity activity,meanwhile in honesty-up and lying-down conditions produces weaker activity.Conclusion:1.Lying behavior will affect individual moral judgment.Liars have more stringent moral judgment standards for the same event and have a lower subjective acceptance degree.2.There is a significant difference between the moral score and the subjective acceptance score of the false moral judgment,while the moral score approaches the subjective acceptance score,so that lying affects the individual moral judgment mode.3.When judging the spatial position,individuals tend to think that the target picture will appear above the space after answering the question honestly,while the target picture will appear below the space after answering the question falsely.Individual responses will vary significantly when spatially matched or unmatched,prolong when individuals are not matched,and ERP induced larger N200 and P300 components.This difference can be used to distinguish lying behavior. |
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