The Cognitive And Functional Study Of Chinese Expostulatory Modal Words Based On The Three Domains Of "Acting,Knowing And Uttering"

Guided by the three conceptual domains usage of " acting,knowing,and uttering",the paper classifies "Persuasion" modal words according to their meaning and form differences,discusses the modal semantics of "Persuasion" modal words from the perspective of cognitive grammar,explores the reasons for their differences in usage,and analyzes their pragmatic functions.The article focuses on two representative "Persuasion" modal words,"Keyi" and "Yinggai",and the dissuasive "Persuasion" modal words,"Gancui" and "Qianwan",to investigate their three conceptual domains usage,modality type,modality meaning,subjectivity and interactive subjectivity,and modality pragmatic functions.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the text is divided into six chapters.The introduction introduces the significance of the topic and research content,research status and existing problems,theoretical basis and research methods,innovation and paper description.The first chapter summarizes the dictionary definition and previous research results,defines 46 modal words in modern Chinese,and classifies them from the aspects of form,modal meaning and expression function.Based on the modal meaning of "exhortation",it is divided into three types according to the direction of action implementation: exhortation,dissuasion and exhortation;According to the intensity of modality,it can be divided into high-intensity persuasion modality and low-intensity persuasion modality;According to the logical semantics of the following content,it can be divided into positive persuasion modality and reverse persuasion modality.The second chapter inspects the modal semantics and functions of the persuasion modal word "Keyi" from the perspective of cognitive semantics and functional grammar.In terms of modality semantics,"Keyi" has the meaning of ability,agreement,promise,worth and exhortation,has the use of action domain,knowledge domain and speech domain;In terms of function,it has evaluative interpersonal interaction function,euphemism function and highlighting discourse marker function,of which the interpersonal interaction function is the basis.During communication,the speaker will unconsciously make an evaluation of a person or thing.The dialogue between the listening and speaking parties is closely related to the communication interaction.Based on the principle of politeness to achieve better communication effect,the speaker will try to take care of the face of the listener and euphemism expression;Sometimes "Keyi" does not convey propositional meaning,but only provides information markers to help discourse understanding,which can highlight discourse markers.The third chapter analyzes the relationship between "Yinggai 1" and "Yinggai 2" based on previous studies,and specifically examines the modal semantics and functions of the persuasive modal word "Yinggai" from the perspective of cognitive semantics and functional grammar.The degree of "Yinggai" is deepened and the subjectivity is enhanced from the auxiliary verb to the adverb."Yinggai" has the meaning of obligation,secondary necessity,conjecture and exhortation.The first three modal meanings can be understood as the use of knowing domain,while exhortation can be understood as the use of knowing domain and language domain;In terms of function,"Yinggai" has euphemism function,message expression function and focus function,among which the message expression function includes speculative message expression function and persuasive message expression function.The fourth chapter,starting from the perspective of modality,compares the similarities and differences between "Keyi" and "Yinggai" in terms of modality type,subjective quantity and double negation,and explores the differences between the discourse marker usage of "Keyi" and "Yinggai","Keyi Shuo" and "Yinggai Shuo" in terms of discourse location distribution and discourse marker function.In terms of function,“Keyi Shuo” and“Yinggai Shuo” as discourse markers mainly have the functions of discourse organization and interpersonal interaction,while "Yinggai" can express moral modality and cognitive modality,but not dynamic modality.When expressing moral modality,both have the meaning of "persuasion and persuasion";In terms of subjective quantity,both of them indicate subjective quantity,"Keyi" indicates evaluation,"Yinggai" indicates speculation,"Keyi" indicates conditional permission,and "Yinggai" indicates directive obligation,euphemistic exhortation or subjective evaluation of objective reason;In the aspect of double negation,the expression of double negation in the "Yinggai" modality has a stronger negation intensity.What can be denied is the events that have become reality,and what can be denied is the non-reality events.Both "Keyi Shuo" and "Yinggai Shuo" belong to discourse marker usage,are mostly located at the beginning of the non-opening turn."Keyi Shuo" takes the turn.The semantic logic relationship between the front and back is usually assertion,succession and interpretation.The "Yinggai Shuo" is connected with the turn in reverse,and the semantic logic relationship between the front and the back is usually a turning point,a concession,and a conclusion.The two are rarely seen in the middle of the turn and at the end of the turn;In terms of function,As discourse markers,"Yinggai Shuo" and "Yinggai Shuo" mainly have the function of discourse organization and interpersonal interaction.In terms of discourse organization function,it is specifically manifested in turn transfer or continuation and topic processing.In terms of form,both have the function of coherence and cohesion,in which "Keyi Shuo" can take the continuation turn,and "Yinggai Shuo" can reverse the continuation turn and transfer turn.In terms of content,both have the function of topic continuation;In terms of interpersonal interaction function,it is embodied in the function of indicating the speaker’s attitude.Both of them have the function of subjective evaluation," Keyi Shuo" has the function of assertion and explanation,and "Yinggai Shuo " has the function of summary.The fifth chapter explores the meaning and usage of the modal word "Gancui" in various conceptual domains and compares its subjective strengths and weaknesses,starting from modal semantics and combining formal verification with the theory of " acting,knowing,and uttering ".The word "Gancui" has the meanings of quick and direct,decisive choice,and fundamental.The direct sense can be understood as both the actional and verbal usage,and the decisive choice sense can be used in the actional,intellectual and verbal usage,with the intellectual usage dominating,and the fundamental sense can be understood as the intellectual usage.It can be used in exhortation phrases to stop,persuade,and console,and belongs to the speech domain,and the speech domain usage reflects the interactive subjectivity.In terms of subjectivity,the subjective strength of "Gancui" varies in different conceptual domains,with the line domain being the weakest,the knowledge domain slightly stronger,and the speech domain the strongest.The sixth chapter analyzes the dissuasive persuasion modal word "tens of thousands",and concludes that it has the meaning of necessity,emphasis and persuasion,and has the use of domain of knowledge and domain of speech,with strong subjectivity and interactive subjectivity.A comparative analysis of "Qianwan" and "Wanwan" shows that the latter is more asymmetric."Qianwan" can be used in a positive context and belongs to the negative polarity adverb of tendentiousness."Wanwan" can only be strictly combined with the negative structure with a negative word and belongs to the negative polarity adverb of compulsion.The conclusion summarizes the contents of the thesis and points out the shortcomings of the thesis.