| Qibainong Township,part of Dahua Yao Autonomous County in Hechi,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,is a mountainous area of high peaks and deep depressions of karst boulders.It is home to an ancient ethnic group,the Bunu Yao,which is the second largest branch of the Yao people.The Bunu Yao people of Qibainong Township call themselves "Dongnu",or "back-basket Yao".The area has a valuable natural and cultural heritage,some of which are rare in the world.These include historical myths,heroic legends,festive customs,ethnic costumes,bronze drums,folk dances,folk music and folk songs.While the Bunu Yao people of Qibainong have no transmitted systematic texts,Bunu Yao folk songs have a unique identity and mission to link mythology,history,heroes,customs,life,labour,emotions,entertainment,sociability,marriage,funerals and the spiritual world of every Bunu Yao person.This dissertation is based on field research,in-depth field investigation and visits to the folk songs and cultural ecology of the Bunuyao settlement in Qibainong Township,Dahua County,Hechi City,Guangxi,and an overall study of the Bunuyao folk songs in Qibainong,divided into four parts.Chapter 1: The Cultural and Ecological Environment of Bunu Yao Folk Songs in Qibainong.This chapter mainly describes the natural ecological environment in which the Bunu Yao folk songs of Qibainong survive,such as geography and landscape,water and soil resources,and the cultural ecological environment,such as the history of the establishment of Qibainong Township,the origin of the Bunu Yao ethnic group,language forms,production life,festival customs and folk beliefs.The relationship between the Bunuyao folk songs of Qibainong and its cultural and ecological environment is introduced.On this basis,a generalised linguistic description of the music of the Bunuyao of Qibainong is further presented,covering folk songs,folk instrumental music,folk songs and dances,etc.Finally,the survival and distribution of the folk songs of the Qibainong Bunu Yao are introduced in some detail,and the folk songs of the Qibainong Bunu Yao are categorised from multiple perspectives.Chapter 2: Fieldwork on the Bunu Yao Folk Songs of Qibainong.This chapter mainly adopts the interview method to conduct a comprehensive survey of the types,names,Yao pronunciation,melodies and lyrics of the Qibainong Bunu Yao folk songs,as well as the related history,culture and customs,in order to gain an in-depth understanding of the overall appearance and background of the folk songs.The interview data will also be collated and analysed as a solid and reliable basis for the analysis of the musical form of folk songs and cultural analysis.Chapter 3,Analysis of the musical forms of the folk songs of the Qibainong Bunuyao.This chapter takes the three macro components of folk songs,namely lyrics,music,singing and their interrelationship,as the basic starting point for an in-depth,three-dimensional and multi-dimensional analysis of the musical form of the Qibainong Bunu Yao folk songs.The analysis includes six macro-components: lyrical structure,tonal array,melodic spins,rhythmic patterns,embellishments and vocal sounds.The analysis also covers the structure of the lyrics,the format and grammar of the lyrics,the comparison between the lyrics and the tune form,the three,four and five tone modes of Qibainong,the basic melodic patterns and melodic directions of the folk songs,the rhythmic patterns,the homogeneous,non-homogeneous and mixed patterns,the various forms of the lyric lining and the ornamental forms of the embellishment,the singing forms and the singing voice,etc.Chapter 4: Cultural Interpretation of Bunu Yao Folk Songs in Qibainong.Based on the results and analyses of the first three chapters,this chapter draws on the methods of cultural anthropology to further interpret and explore the cultural connotations and cultural anthropological clues contained in the folk songs of the Bunu Yao people of Qibainong.Based on the six theories of environment,evolution,function,value,ethnicity and language,the relationship between the folk songs of the Qibainong Bunuyao and the natural and cultural environment,the evolution and development path of the folk songs of the Qibainong Bunuyao,the various functions of the folk songs of the Qibainong Bunuyao,the various values of the folk songs of the Qibainong Bunuyao,the ethnic personality embodied in the folk songs of the Qibainong Bunuyao,and the linguistically dominant attributes of the folk songs of the Qibainong Bunuyao are discussed.The main linguistic attributes of Qibainong Bunuyao folk songs are explained in depth.Finally,the traditional transmission methods of Qibainong Bunuyao folk songs and the changes in the living space of contemporary Qibainong Bunuyao folk songs are explained,and suggestions and countermeasures are put forward for the conservation and development of Qibainong Bunuyao folk songs. |
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