A Study Of The Inner Logic Of Marx’s Dialectical Materialist Turn

The materialist dialectics developed in the struggle against materialism and metaphysics in all its forms and has its own internal logic of emergence.Marx’s understanding of materialistic dialectics did not come about overnight;it went through a gradual process.While Hegel’s dialectics was a purely conceptual abstract movement,Marx transformed it into the practical activity of the "real man",and through the transformation of the subject,Marx achieved a materialist turn in dialectics.The key to the transformation of the dialectics lies in the transformation of the subject.Thus,the materialist turn of the human connotation embodies the materialist turn of the dialectics.In the process of the materialist turn of Marx’s dialectics,on the one hand,he gradually realises the critique and transcendence of the idealist dialectics;on the other hand,he constantly realises the transcendence of his own philosophical thought,which shows the logical process from the atomic subject to the free and self-conscious subject of labour,and then to the subject of social relations.Marx’s understanding of the content of man was gradually deepened,and he finally achieved the philosophical revolution of the "real man" and the materialist turn of dialectics.Specifically,the study of the inner logic surrounding the materialist turn of Marx’s dialectics is discussed in this paper in the following four aspects.The first part analyzes the dialectics of perceptual existence based on the atomic subject.Traditional philosophy understood man abstractly,on the basis of which a discursive dialectics based on the abstract subject was formed.The limitations of the discursive dialectics,as well as the progress of social history and the accentuation of human subjectivity,prompted Marx to initially explore the problem of the relationship between philosophy and the world.Since the departure of the Doctoral Thesis,Marx has shown a difference from Hegel’s discursive dialectics.In the Doctoral Theses,Marx saw the contradiction between self-consciousness and reality,and began to identify the problem from the sensible being,emphasizing the negation of abstract necessity by the sensible man,the atom characterizing the concrete sensible man,whose skewed movement shows the self-consciousness of the sensible man,in which the straw man of materialistic dialectics is implied.The second part analyzes the dialectics of the free self-conscious subject based on the nature of the class.In his thought process,Marx turns his attention to the situation of human existence in real society.Influenced by Feuerbach’s anthroposophical materialism,Marx took an anthroposophical perspective to understand human beings and human social history,believing that it was necessary to establish a new world explanatory framework of anthroposophical materialism through a profound critique of the inversion and alienation of Hegel’s discursive dialectics.At this time,in the context of anthroposophical materialism,Marx’s understanding of the nature of man is an abstract presupposition,and his understanding of dialectics is still idealistic in nature,and he has not yet truly realized the materialist turn.The third part analyzes the dialectics of the social subject based on the "real man".At this stage,Marx re-established the subject of dialectics and realized the transformation from the abstract subject to the real subject.In the discovery of practical activities,Marx gradually parted ways with the young Hegelians and carried out a scientific interpretation of "real man".The essence of man is no longer an abstract predetermined existence,but is generated in the practical activities of his existence.Marx’s understanding of man shifts from a sensual being to a "real man",and dialectics becomes the activity of "real man" in transforming social history,completing the shift to materialist dialectics.The fourth part analyzes the significance of Marx’s materialist turn to dialectics.The materialist turn of Marx’s dialectics is studied from the perspective of the subject,and the "real man" is taken as the new starting point of the socio-historical outlook,which has important theoretical and practical significance,mainly: the proletariat becomes the socio-historical subject,the world becomes the historical world in the making,and Marxism and the world truly realize the unity of logic and history and history.