The Application Of Anthropology In Documentaries On Rural Themes

In recent years,the "Rural Revitalization Strategy" has not only promoted the prosperity of China’s rural economy and culture,but also brought about the prosperity of Chinese rural-themed documentaries.In this context,it is the duty of documentary filmmakers to strive to create excellent documentaries on rural themes to help rural revitalization.Coincidentally,the important "field investigation" method in anthropology was born almost at the same time as documentary film,and there is an inseparable connection between the two.Anthropological documentaries,as an important type of documentaries,have a history of more than 60 years in China.At the same time,for the anthropological "field investigation" work,the filming of documentaries is also an important work method for anthropological scientists.Not only that,it is also of great significance to consciously use anthropological theories to guide the creation of rural documentaries.This paper studies and analyzes the application of anthropological principles in rural documentaries.It consists of four parts: the first part,based on the combination of theory and practice,clarifies that the process of creation is mainly through "observation with participation",that is,long-term and shooting objects.Live together,and then make a bystander record.And "friendship",that is,shooting on the basis of ensuring a close friendship with the subject over a long enough time span.These two recording methods realize the establishment of the recording relationship.Only in a benign relationship can the documentary be completed and finally have emotional resonance;the second part takes the documentary ethics of documentary as the research point,and discusses the process of documentary creation.Establish a record position and follow the record morality.In the field investigation of anthropology,anthropologists need to treat the subjects of the research site with an objective and rational attitude,and the documentary filmmakers as art creators need to respect the subjects and local culture on the basis of respect for objectivity.and admiration;the third part focuses on the practice of the original ecological means of simultaneous recording in the process of documentary creation,and on the basis of combining the theoretical methods of anthropological fieldwork,it clarifies the relationship between the two,the objectivity of fieldwork and the documentary film.The integration of documentary has realized the compliance with the nature of film photography;the fourth part focuses on the cultural position of the recorder in the documentary.Life experience,pay attention to observing diverse human cultures,and establish an objective and inclusive cultural position on the basis of respecting different cultures.While respecting cultural differences,we use strategies such as looking at the research objects from the perspective of local people and handing over the power of expression to the subjects to be photographed,so as to achieve cultural barriers and make documentaries an important medium for conveying culture and expressing spirit.