Mou Zongsan’s Yangming Theory

The purpose of this paper is to study Mou Zongsan’s philosophy based on Yangming theory and the concept of "conscience".On the one hand,this study expounds the internal inheritance of Mou Zongsan’s philosophy,especially "moral metaphysics",to Yangming’s mind theory.On the other hand,it also reveals the response of Confucian mind nature theory to the problem of modernity,that is,the modernity construction of traditional mind nature theory.The thought of Yangming’s psychology itself mainly involves two aspects: first,Wang Yangming’s own discussion on the noumenon and time of conscience,that is,the initial stage of Yangming’s "conscience psychology ".The origin of the construction of "conscience" lies in the governance of Zhu Zi’s "natural reason" system and his original understanding of the problem of "conscience",and then internalize the "natural reason ontology" of Yichuan Zhu Zi system into "conscience ontology",so that conscience is not only a moral emotion,but also an entity of the universe,which is the approach of "mind is reason".Second,after Wang Yangming’s death,his later studies had different aspects on the issue of conscience.According to the three words of Yimou Zong,the differentiation of Wang Xue is mainly the Middle Zhejiang School of Wang Longxi,the Jiang right school of Nie Shuangjiang and Luo nianan,and the Taizhou Psychology of Luo Jinxi.Mou Zongsan took the approach of "mind is reason" in Yangming’s psychology and revealed a "infinite heart of freedom" with moral consciousness.This mind is the conscience,also known as "knowing body awareness".It is not only the entity of morality,so it can open the "moral world" but also the entity of the universe,so it can open the "existence world".Therefore,the "ontology of ontology"(non obsessive ontology)can be proved.So far,there is only one possibility of "ontology ontology" in Yangming’s psychology,but there can not be a positive construction of the knowledge of "phenomenal world",or even no theoretical interest.The "phenomenal world" first involves the problem of epistemology,that is,how the intellectual subject and object are possible.The "presentation state of conscience" highlighted by "mind is reason" alone is not enough to solve this problem.Mou Zongsan talked about "the self depression of conscience" based on the emergence and transformation of conscience,and dialectically opened up "intellectuality" through the self depression of "knowledge,body and consciousness".This "knowledge" is essentially regarded as a kind of "holding of knowing mind",so it can hold the "phenomenal world" and achieve a "phenomenal ontology"(holding ontology).This two-tier ontology is a modern and typical "moral metaphysics" system constructed by Mou Zongsan based on the Confucian mind and nature,especially the tradition of Yangming’s mind and nature.This "moral metaphysics" system is not only based on the tradition of Confucianism,but also incorporates the rational structure of "one mind and two doors" of Buddhism.At the same time,it can also integrate Kant’s moral philosophy and Hegel’s dialectics.Therefore,it can realize the two-way interaction between Chinese traditional philosophy and "Modernity".The "Modernity" transformation of traditional philosophy is the thinking direction of Mou Zongsan’s philosophical system.On the one hand,it realizes the construction of modernity metaphysics concepts such as "subjectivity","rationality" and "freedom".On the other hand,it can also critically reflect on the modernization process dominated by the West based on the hole of Chinese modernity.