Study On The Concept Of Fertility In Song Dynasty

Fertility concept is the sum of people ’ s views on fertility phenomenon.It is the reflection of a series of cultural factors such as social customs,ethical concepts and religious beliefs on fertility issues.Through the study of the concept of fertility,we can see the attitude and view of society on fertility,and provide a new perspective for understanding the society of the Song Dynasty.The concept of fertility in the Song Dynasty is mainly reflected in the continuation of perfume,the emphasis on men and women,the advocating of fetal education,the emphasis on care and education.The fertility concept of paying more attention to men than women inherited the previous generation,but it has its particularity.Under the mainstream fertility concept,there are also “ not raising children ” and “ paying more attention to women ” phenomena,showing regional differences.“Not to raise a child ” is a helpless move in the conflict between the ideal concept of more sons and more blessings and the reality of economic difficulties.In the “Not to raise a child ” area,female infants bear the brunt of it.In addition to the inherent gender disadvantage of women,it is also closely related to the style of thick marriage in the Song Dynasty.At the same time,the commodity economy gave birth to the wind of pleasure,and the phenomenon of prostitutes was more common in the Song Dynasty,which led to the phenomenon of “ pay attention to female infants” in the rich areas of Beijing and Beijing.It can be said that both phenomena are due to economic factors.The concept of fertility has long-term stability.The concept of early marriage and early childbearing,the concept of valuing men over women,and the concept of advocating prenatal education existed before the Song Dynasty.Under the background of long-term stability of social nature and the inheritance of medical education for generations,the concept of fertility in the Song Dynasty has not changed fundamentally,but the role of family education in fertility is particularly prominent.In the Song Dynasty,the strategy of governing the country by literature and the prosperity of the imperial examination system led to the wind of persuasion and education.People ’ s good wishes for children to enroll in the imperial examination and the first reflected in the concept of fertility,which was characterized by advocating fetal education,paying attention to conservation and education.The essence of fetal education theory is the theory of “ external appearance and internal feeling,” which reflects the thought of “ being original and cautious ” and hopes to achieve the purpose of cultivating fetal good emotions by regulating the words and deeds of mothers.The development of family education in the Song Dynasty was prosperous,and a large number of family training literature emerged,involving selfcultivation,officialdom,life and family management.Maternal education plays an irreplaceable role in children ’s growth.There are many examples of maternal education in the Song Dynasty.Mother ’s religion has various forms and extensive contents,mainly through mother ’s own teaching and father ’s deeds.Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism coexist in the Song Dynasty.Buddhism ’ s concept of retribution and Taoism ’ s “ blood lake ” belief have an impact on the concept of fertility,especially on abortion.There is also a certain magic color in the process of fertility maintenance.Witchcraft has no substantial help in solving the fertility dilemma.It belongs to superstition and subjective imagination,but it is also a psychological expectation of people in the face of fertility,and it also contains some cultural customs.