Research On The Council Of The Governor’s Office In Taiwan (1920-1945)

The Council of the Taiwan Governor’s government was reestablished in 1921 by Tian jianzhilang,the first civilian governor,and was named as the supreme advisory body of the governor of Taiwan,and the same name as the legal review body in the early stage of Taiwan.In June 1921,the first session of the conference opened,and the discussion involved social concerns such as civil law,commercial law and compulsory education.Due to the existence of Taiwanese,it was expected to have great expectations.The Council has been established to Taiwan’s restoration and has been co-existence for24 years.Eight governors have convened ten meetings and eight symposiums to discuss22 issues.Forty Taiwanese people have been appointed as commentators.Its substantive role has experienced the evolution from consultation organ to vase organ to propaganda organ,which has a profound impact on Taiwan society.The first part of this paper analyzes the reasons,system construction and changes of the reestablishment of the Council.This paper holds that the reestablishment of the Council is the result of multiple forces.First,with the end of World War I,the tide of national democracy rose.Taiwan progressive forces led by Lin Xiantang and Cai Peihuo set up a Petition Movement for the establishment of Parliament,aiming to set up the Taiwan parliament and restrict the autocratic rule of the governor.The Japanese government has set up a Council to "keep off".Secondly,the Japanese Central Committee established the first constitutional cabinet under the "positive democratic atmosphere".The prime minister originally respected the colonial land to set up the principle of "gradual inland extension",revised the governor’s government regulations,appointed Tian jianzhilang as the first governor of Taiwan civil servants,hoping to change the way of the special system of the governor of military officials.Tian jianzhilang vigorously promoted the restoration of the Council.Finally,the central court of the governor’s Government of Korea became the template of the Council.Tian jianzhilang has established a complete and standardized system of the Council from the submission of proposals,deliberation,decisions and "answer to the application".In1930,the Council expanded and added the right to proposal.However,because the Council was advisory,the right to proposal was more than nothing.The second part of this paper studies the convening of the appraisal meeting.This paper holds that from the establishment of the Council in June 1921 to the restoration of Taiwan in October 1945,the governor convened ten meetings and eight symposiums.The Council is also divided into three periods due to the governor’s characteristics.During the first period,three appraisal meetings were held during the period of Tian jianzhilang.During this period,Tian jianzhilang complied with the various systems of the Council and complied with the original intention of "asking wisdom to the people".In the appraisal meeting,the assessors can also put forward various opinions without reservation,and the governor respects the opinions of the judges.The second period was the successive civil governors after Tian jianzhilang,four of whom held five appraisal meetings.Compared with Tian jianzhilang,the later governors convened the Council to discuss the issues,which were not implemented by the governor’s government and became more and more formalized.The third period is the post military governor period.Compared with the civilian governor positioning the Council as a consultative body,the governor of armed officer is more keen to regard the assessors as the propagandists,model members and communicators of the policy.The governor will go to the Council to pass the policy he wants to implement,and the reviewers will no longer make supplementary or even left-handed suggestions.The third part of this paper studies the assessors.First,the assessors are divided into folk and official assessors.The appointment of the members is carried out according to the local state system at that time.In 1930,with the expansion of the Council,the first time there were judges in Hualian port hall.Later,there were also commentators in Penghu hall and Taidong hall,and the assessors of Taidong hall became the first minority assessor.The composition of the folk commentators includes local gentry,pro Japanese,anti Japanese personnel,important association heads,important media directors,bank directors,etc.Tian jianzhilang hopes to include the upper level power of Taiwan.The number of official councillors decreased rapidly after Tian jianzhilang resigned from the governor,which greatly damaged the advisory role of the Council.Compared with the folk reviewers,the number of official assessors is small,the time of office is short and the education is high.Secondly,the communication between the assessors and the governor’s government and the commentators,especially the Taiwan judges,is involved in the communication between them.Thirdly,the assessors have a complete "welfare" system,including material and spiritual welfare.Material security is mainly the subsidy and travel expenses established by Tian jianzhilang.Mental welfare includes the benefits of obtaining medals and titles,attending the banquet and important events held by the governor,changing the name and meeting the governor directly for advice.Finally,as a special commentator Lin Xiantang,"five four speeches",this part of the appraiser career is studied.The fourth part of this paper mainly evaluates the Council and the assessors,and thinks that the construction of the consultation system in the Japanese period laid a certain foundation for the construction of the consultation system in the early post-war period,and showed the progressive significance in the limited opening of the upper gentry’s speech and the construction of the complete institutional system,This paper holds that it has great limitations in the process of system construction and some reviewers’ selection.As a consultation institution with some public opinion,the Council played a certain role in promoting the development of Taiwan during the colonial period of Japan,laying a certain foundation for the construction of the Taiwan Provincial Council in the early postwar period,and played an enlightenment role in the participation of the Taiwanese people in policy decision-making.But the important purpose of the reestablishment of the Council is to set up Petition Movement for eliminating Taiwan parliament and safeguard the Japanese colonial and governor autocratic system.This action violated the wave of national democratic movement after World War I,which was very negative and hindered the process of national democratization in Modern Taiwan.