Caverns Of Heaven And Places Of Blessing And Landscape Literature In The Six Dynasties

Fairyland is the place where the immortals live.There are three kinds of fairyland structures in Taoism: Immortal mountain in the sea,temple and Caverns of heaven and places of blessing.These three kinds of fairyland structures also reflect the evolution of Taoist immortal ideas: from immortality to the celestial beings who rise to heaven and become immortals on Earth.The fairyland of Caverns of heaven and places of blessing is located between the famous mountains and the big river,because the "cave heaven" is the "Heaven",people believe that the mountain practice is conducive to access to heaven and then become immortal.In the process of the formation of the theory of Caverns of heaven and places of blessing,it was not only influenced by the ancient mountain worship and mythological system in China,but also influenced by the unity of heaven and man,the idea of seclusion,and the social environment,and also influenced by the famous mountain theory represented by Ge Hong.The Six Dynasties refer to the successive regimes established in the Jiangnan region(from the Eastern Jin dynasty to the Chen Dynasty,from the late Han dynasty to the Wei and Jin dynasties,from the lower Sui and Tang dynasties,and from the southern region to the Central plains),the period of Six Dynasties is an important construction period of the theory of Caverns of heaven and places of blessing geography,and also an important stage of the formation of Chinese classical landscape poetry.In order to find the place of "Reaching Heaven",Taoist priests often go to the famous mountains and rivers for practice or seclusion,and then promote the development of the theory of Caverns of heaven and places of blessing.At the same time,the development of the theory of Caverns of heaven and places of blessing also promoted the upper classes such as the emperors and aristocrats to go to the mountains or live in seclusion or seek immortals.When the intellectuals were active in the mountains and forests and faced with the beautiful scenery of the mountains and forests,they not only had the impulse to recite poems and compose poems,also understand the meaning of personal life,thus promoting the development of landscape literature(natural landscape as the main object of description).In the Six Dynasties,the landscape literature and the literature of immortals had gone beyond the scope of Taoism,and not only showed the aesthetic of the scholars view,but also revealed the outlook of scholars on life.These works,while describing the scenery,often express feelings of longevity,seclusion and so on.Whether it is environmental aesthetics,space-time aesthetics or life aesthetics,we can find out the special feature of Caverns of heaven and places of blessing writing in literary works — the solicitude of life.As it is to explore the relationship between Caverns of heaven and places of blessing and landscape literature,this paper first discusses the relationship between Caverns of heaven and places of blessing and objective mountains and rivers as well as the main literati.From the perspective of location,Caverns of heaven and places of blessing is located in the middle of the famous mountain and river,and Caverns of heaven and places of blessing has many specific verifiable locations;From the perspective of the literati,the theory of Caverns of heaven and places of blessing prompted many literati to go to the mountains and forests to live in seclusion for health or lyricism.Secondly,from the perspective of landscape literature and fairy literature,there are many works depicting Caverns of heaven and places of blessing in the landscape literature and fairy literature in this period,and these works are either simply written or lyrically borrowed.Again,we will explore the famous mountain masters in the Caverns of heaven and places of blessing literature,and analyze the Caverns of heaven and places of blessing literature related to the famous mountain celebrities in the famous district.Finally,the aesthetic ideas embodied in the literature of Caverns of heaven and places of blessing are analyzed,and these aesthetic ideas are also the embodiment of the awakening of the lives of scholars.