Study On Jades Of Xuejiagang Culture

As an important prehistoric archaeological culture in the junction of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the Xuejiagang Culture is located in the junction of southwestern Anhui and southeastern Hubei.Its absolute age is between 3700 BC and 2800 BC.Time and geographical location determine that the Xuejiagang Culture must be closely related to the Lingjiatan culture,Beiyinyangying culture,Songze culture and Liangzhu culture and other strong jade cultures intersect.The Xuejiagang culture jade system was gradually formed in the extensive exchanges with other jade cultures in the Yangtze River basin on the basis of inheriting the jade from the Huangshanzui culture.The formation and development of the jade system of Xuejiagang culture is a microcosm of the formation and development of jade culture in the Yangtze River basin.Based on the typological analysis of Huang and Jue in the Xuejiagang culture jades,and combined with the period of the pottery,this paper divides the Xuejiagang culture jades into five sections.Xuejiagang culture jades have experienced a relatively complete development process,inheriting the Huang and Jue traditions of the Huangshanzui culture,and developed to its peak in the late and middle period of the Xuejiagang culture.In terms of craftsmanship,hollowing is the most representative technique in Xuejiagang culture jades,and it is also the focus of Xuejiagang culture jades craft research.This paper summarizes the drilling and hollowing process and production traces through simulation experiments,and roughly divides the hollowing of jade in the lower reaches of the Yangtze into three stages.The hollowing technology developed to its peak in the middle of Liangzhu Culture.In terms of production organization,this paper analyzes the differences in shape,composition and material of jades unearthed from the Xuejiagang,Saidun and Gushan sites,and judges that there are different jade production organizations within the distribution range of Xuejiagang culture.The jade wares in the Xuejiagang cemetery are gradually concentrated in the middle and high-level tombs of the two tomb groups D and E,showing the characteristics of typical dependent production.There are certain exchanges between the production organizations of the various sites of the Xuejiagang culture,and there is a lot of commonality in the shape,decoration and production technology,forming a relatively independent Xuejiagang culture jade production group.In addition,Xuejiagang culture jades has close communication with Beiyinyangying culture,Songze-Liangzhu culture and Lingjiatan culture jades.Among them,hollo wed-out huang-shaped ornaments,zigzag-shaped huang,and even bi are all manifestations of prehistoric jades exchanges.Xuejiagang culture is an important node in the exchange of prehistoric jade articles.