Reaserch On Zhu Xi’s View Of Wen And Dao

Zhu Xi’s "View of Wen and Dao" has originated from a long historical context and was rooted in a deep philosophical foundation.Not only has he revised the concept of "using Wen to bear Dao" in scholars who write Ancient Chinese Prose,but he also integrated Zhou Dunyi’s "Wen is for conveying Dao" and Cheng Yi’s "Wen impedes Dao" and other views,combining the pros and cons of every viewpoints to propose his viewpoint: “Wen flows from Dao”,which mens Wen Dao-in-one.This "View of Wen and Dao" has been deeply rooted in the Neo-Confucianism of Zhu Xi: First of all,based on the Liqi Theory,Zhu Xi has raised "Dao" to the height of the ontology with ethical value,and making it different from The “fact philosophy” of Scholars who write Ancient Chinese Prose and the "ideal philosophy" of Buddhism.Secondly,Zhu Xi has constructed a model on the basis of the source of "Li Qi",in which the essence and phenomenon of "Wen" and "Dao" were inseparable,making "Wen" find a reasonable basis for existence on the ontology,thus to fundamentally enhance the status of "Wen".Finally,Zhu Xi’s proposes the theory of "mind combines nature and emotion",which has not only made "emotion" an independent concept,thus to leave enough space for the independent development of the art of Literature,but also has made the "mind" with functional awareness become the command of nature,thus confirming the important position of the main body of creation.It was clear that even though Zhu Xi has established the Ontology of Dao,he did not stay too much on the "Dao",but instead,he has shifted the focus of "view of Wen and Dao" from the ontology to the subject through the theory of mind.To achieve the spiritual state of the unity of nature and human,"human’s mind" must try to dislodge the selfish desire and approach "mind of Dao" in subject.However,the different pursuits of "human’s mind" and "mind of Dao" have created an indelible permanent contradiction in the creation subject,which has not only deeply imprinted on all aspects of Zhu Xi’s literary theory,but also embodied in his own literal creation.In the literary theory,Zhu xi constructed a complete system of literary theory with rich content,in which the contradiction between Wen and Dao have run through: For the Theory of Literary Genesis,Zhu Xi believed that the expression of emotions is caused by perception of material,which led him to put forward the views of "Abolition of Preface" and "Obscene Poetry Theory" in the process of annotating "Chu Ci" and "Book of Songs".For the Theory of Literary Creation,Zhu Xi redefined the Fu,Bi and Xing,and attempted to reconcile the separation between "form" and "connotation"(ie the Wen and Dao)by "two definitions of the Association(Xing)".For the Theory of Acceptance,Zhu xi stressed a method about how to acquire "Dao" in a text,which is "repeat and chant the word",and also proposed many important viewpoints of appreciation of Literature,such as "finding its linguistic context","chanting and taste" and so on.For the Theory of Literary Criticism,Zhu xi ’s literary criticism of writers’ works based on the double standards,which are "Literature character" and "personality",and believed that the best artistic style is the plain and natural style,generating by the integration of Wen and Dao.In brief,Zhu Xi’s literary theories under the guidance of the View of "Wen and Dao" were contained rich academic value with paradoxes and strainsIn the practice of creation,the subject contradiction of view of Wen and Dao was manifested in two aspects:on the one hand,Zhu Xi always lingered in contradiction of being an official and reclusion from being an official,and entangled in writing poetry and learning Dao;On the other hand,the attempt of poetry such as “Zhai Ju Gan Xing Poetry”(be writed while cultivate he’s moral character)and poetic works such as "philosophy with its fun and without its obstacles" have respectively shown the two different models of Zhu Xi’s "writing Wen by Dao" and "Seeing Dao in Wen".Zhu Xi has striven to achieve a dynamic balance between the "Wen" and "Dao",which has been manifested by the combination of lively life and mediocre natural literature style.Zhu Xi’s own mental journey and his literary creation practice were the vivid portrayals of this contradictory state from opposition to unity.On conclusion,the literary and artistic thoughts of Zhu Xi were mainly embodied in the Li Qi theory of “There Is But One Li(Universal Principle),Which Exists in Diverse Forms”,while his poetic practice has been more influenced by the mind theory of “Mind Combines Nature and Emotion” influences.The former determine the ontological basis for the formation of the "View of Wen and Dao",and the latter is the foundation of subject,both of them constitute the overall picture of zhu xi’s "View of Wen and Dao".The unity of the contradiction between Wen and Dao has ultimately pointed to the realm of life in which man and Ethic,and man and nature were united with one another,that was,the ideal state of "Confucius and Yan Zile smile to face the world".Therefore,the value of Zhu Xi’s "View of Wen and Dao" was not only to put forward a lot of brilliant ideas and critical ideas,but also to reveal that "Literature" is a spiritual product of "the virtuous must speak," with the two dimensions of "ethics" and" of "aesthetics".In this sense,we are able to say that Zhu Xi’s "View of Wen and Dao"is not an anti-aesthetic moral hegemony,but has revealed important characteristics of the Chinese classical aesthetic tradition.