Differential Analysis Of Intestinal Microflora And Metabolites In Patients With Graves Disease And HP Infection

Objective(s):The study aimed to elucidate the influence of gut microbiota and HP infection on Graves disease.Methods:The experiment selected 88 GD patients(GD group)and 33 healthy people(HC)as the study subjects.The serum HP-Ig G level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the composition of intestinal flora in stool samples was analyzed by 16Sr DNA gene sequencing,The content of intestinal metabolites were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),and the related pathways were annotated.Analyzing the differences in intestinal flora and metabolites between the GD group and the control group,as well as between the GD+HP~+subgroup and the GD+HP~-subgroup within the GD group.Results:1.The 16Sr DNA gene sequencing between the GD group and the control group found that there was a statistical difference in the abundance of the microflora.It was found that the abundance of Bacteroidota,Megamonas and lactobacillaceae in the GD group were significantly increased,while the abundance of Coriobacteriia,etc.was decreased.2.There was a statistical difference in the content of intestinal metabolites between the GD group and the control group.In the GD group,3-Formyl-6-hydroxyindole,Kynurenic acid and glycerol phospholipids and other metabolites increased,while Fragransol B,capsaicin and phenylpropanoid and other metabolites decreased.Tryptophan metabolism pathway,lysine biosynthesis and degradation pathway and nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism pathway may be the underlying pathogenesis of GD.3.There was a statistical difference in the abundance of gut microbiota between the GD+HP~+subgroup and the GD+HP~-subgroup,and it was found that the number of Lactobacillus,Erysipelotrichales,Clostridisceae and Rumminococcus in the GD+HP~+subgroup increased significantly.4.There was a statistical difference in intestinal metabolites between the GD+HP~+subgroup and the GD+HP~-subgroup.It was found that the metabolites of N-Methyltyramine,Isovalerylglycine and Cafestol in the GD+HP~+subgroup decreased.Arginine and proline metabolism,tyrosine metabolism,porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism,primary bile acid biosynthesis,nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism,D-arginine and D-ornithine metabolism,riboflavin metabolism and other pathways may be the potential mechanism for GD patients with HP infection compared with GD patients without HP infection.Conclusion(s):1.The significant increase in indole-3-propionic acid caused by the presence of Bacteroidetes,Macromonas,and Lactobacillus in the GD group is closely related to the onset of GD.2.There are significant differences in gut microbiota and metabolites between the GD+HP~+subgroup and the GD+HP~-subgroup,with an increase in lactobacilli in the GD+HP~+subgroup.3.Disturbance of gut microbiota and intestinal metabolites is one of the important causes of GD.