Diagnostic Value Of S100A2,POSTN And CEA In Malignant Pleural Effusions

Objective: By testing the concentrations of S100A2,periostin(POSTN),and carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA)in the patient’s pleural fluid,so as to investigate the diagnostic value of the combined test of S100A2,POSTN and CEA for malignant pleural effusion(MPE).Methods: A total of 100 pleural effusion patients admitted to the department of respiratory and critical care medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from December 1,2021 to December31,2022 were selected as the study objects.Among them,55 patients were diagnosied with malignant pleural effusion which included 30 adenocarcinoma,15 squamous carcinomas,and 10 small cell lung cancers while other 45 patients were diagnosied with benign pleural effusion which included 10 inflammatory pleural effusions and 35 tuberculous pleural effusions.All the patients were treated by thoracic puncture and catheterization.The levels of S100A2,POSTN and CEA in pleural effusion were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the data were analyzed by the statistical software SPSS26.0 and Graph Pad Prism 8.0,P<0.05 indicated a statistical significance.Results: 1.The expression levels of S100A2,POSTN and CEA in malignant pleural effusion were significantly higher than those in benign pleural effusion,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);2.The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of the S100A2 was0.642(95%CI,0.533-0.750),at the optimal cut-off value of 15.18ng/ml,the sensitivity of S100A2 diagnosis was 50.9% and the specificity was 82.2%;the ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of the POSTN was0.674(95%CI0.569-0.779),at the optimal cut-off value of 39.94ng/m1,the sensitivity of POSTN diagnosis was72.7% and the specificity was 55.6%;the ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of the CEA was0.776(95%CI 0.685-0.867),at the optimal cut-off value of 11.68ng/m1,the sensitivity of CEA diagnosis was 56.4% and the specificity was 97.8%;3.The combined diagnosis sensitivity of S100A2 and POSTN was 55.6%,the specificity was76.4%,and the area under the curve was 0.673(95%CI,0.568-0.778);the combined diagnosis sensitivity of S100A2 and CEA was 73.3%,the specificity was 96.4%,and the area under the curve was0.866(95% CI,0.793-0.940);the combined diagnosis sensitivity of POSTN and CEA was 60.0%,the specificity was 96.4%,and the area under the curve was 0.837(95% CI,0.760-0.914);the combined diagnosis sensitivity of POSTN,CEA and S100A2 was 73.3%,the specificity was94.6%,and the area under the curve was 0.863(95% CI,0.790-0.937).Conclusion: The expressions of S100A2,POSTN and CEA were significantly higher in MPE patients than in BPE patients;S100A2 and POSTN are of certain value in the diagnosis of MPE;the combined detection of S100A2 and CEA have high sensitivity and specificity.