Risk Factors Of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome Complicated With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of bronchopuldysplasia(BPD)in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS)and its severity.To explore the risk factors of BPD in order to provide clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of BPD,so as to minimize the occurrence of BPD and improve the quality of life of children.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 122 children diagnosed with NRDS(gestational age ≤ 34 weeks and birth weight ≤ 1500g)admitted to the neonatalintensive careunit(NICU)of Hebei General Hospital.The clinical data of the children were collected and divided into two groups according to the occurrence of BPD: 72 cases in the BPD group and 50 cases without BPD group.1.To analyze the relationship between different gestational age and birth weight and the incidence of BPD;2: The general situation of newborns,the general situation of pregnant mothers,the treatment of newborns and the basic diseases and complications of newborns in the BPD group and the non-BPD group were analyzed and compared,respectively,to explore the risk factors of BPD in NRDS children.3: The children in the BPD group were grouped according to the severity of BPD,and the maternal and neonatal clinical data between the two groups were compared to obtain the risk factors of NRDS children complicated with moderate to severe BPD.Results:A total of 122 NICU children were included in Hebei General Hospital meeting the inclusion criteria,including 67 males and 55 females,72 in the BPD group and 50 without BPD group,with an incidence of BPD of 59%.1.BPD occurred in 12 of 14 children with birth weight ≤ 1000 g,and the incidence of BPD was 86%.In 108 children with birth weight ≤ 1500 g and < 1000 g,60 cases of BPD occurred,and the incidence of BPD was55%.Among 11 children with gestational age ≤ 28 weeks,9 cases developed BPD(81%).49 cases of children with gestational age < 28 weeks ≤ 30 weeks,35 cases of BPD,the incidence of BPD was 71%;BPD occurred in 28 cases of 62 children whose gestational age was less than 30 weeks or less than 34 weeks,and the incidence of BPD was 45%.2.Univariate analysis suggested that gestational age,birth weight,length of hospital stay,neonatal resuscitation intubation,secondary intubation,duration of mechanical ventilation,duration of oxygen,duration of parenteral nutrition,use of caffeine,anemia,red blood cell infusion times and frequent apnea were correlated with the occurrence of BPD,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The above related single factors were incorporated into the multi-factor Logistics regression analysis.Gestational age,neonatal resuscitation intubation,aerobic duration,parenteral nutrition duration and hospital stay were all independent risk factors for BPD.2.Univariate analysis suggested that gestational age,body weight,length of hospital stay,oxygen duration,erythrocyte infusion times,frequent apnea,neonatal infection and maternal hypertension during pregnancy were significantly different between the mild and moderate to severe BPD groups,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant.Conclusion:1.NRDS children with smaller gestational age and lower birth weight are more likely to develop BPD,and the incidence of BPD decreases gradually with the increase of gestational age and birth weight.2.BPD in NRDS children is correlated with multiple factors,gestational age,neonatal resuscitation intubation,aerobic duration,parenteral nutrition duration and hospital stay are independent risk factors for BPD.3.In the occurrence group,the number of red blood cell infusion and frequent apnea were independently correlated with the occurrence of moderate and severe BPD.