Research And Analysis On The Relationship Between T Cell Costimulatory Molecule CD28 And CD137 With The Activity Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a complex multi-systemic autoimmune condition.The critical factor during pathological injury of SLE patients is the abnormal activity of T and B lymphocyte and the production of autoantibodies.The process of activating lymphocyte required antigen signal and costimulatory signal.CD28/B7 and CD137/CD13 L are important costimulatory signals of activating T lymphocyte.The expression of CD154 on the surface of activating T cells is costimulatory signal of B lymphocyte.Under certain conditions,the costimulatory molecules may fall off froming the cell surface.The relationship is not clear between the expression and the fall of lymphocyte costimulatory molecules and with the activity of systemic lupus erythematosus.Objective:This study was designed to investigate the expression of CD28,CD137 and CD154 on T cell and the serum levels of CD28 and CD137 in peripheral blood of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus(SLE).To explore the relationship of T cell costimulatory molecule with the activity of SLE and its significance through clinical correlation studies.Methods:The expression of CD28,CD137 and CD154 molecule on the T cells in peripheral blood of SLE patients and healthy controls(HC)were detected by flow cytometry.The correlation between the expression levels of CD28,CD137 and CD154 molecule and clinical indicator were statistically analyzed.The serum CD28 and CD137 in patients with SLE and HC were detected by Biotin-Avidin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(BA-ELISA),the correlation between the serum levels of CD28 and CD137 and SLE patients’ disease activity index(SLEDAI)score and clinical indicator were statistically analyzed.Results:(1)The expression levels of CD28 on the T cells in peripheral blood of SLE patients was significantly lower than that in healthy control(HC)(P<0.05),the moderate activity group and severe activity group were significantly lower than that in light activity group(P<0.05).The expression levels of CD137 and CD154 on the T cells in peripheral blood of SLE patients was significantly enhanced than that in HC(P<0.01),the moderate activity group was significantly enhanced than that in light activity group(P<0.05),the severe activity group was significantly enhanced than that in moderate activity group(P<0.05).(2)The expression levels of CD28,CD137 and CD154 on the T cells in peripheral blood of SLE patients were significantly correlated with SLEDAI score and some clinical disease activity indicators.(3)The levels of serum CD28 and CD137 in SLE were significantly higher than that in HC(P<0.01).The levels of serum CD28 and CD137 in moderate activity group were significantly higher than that in light activity group(P<0.01),the severe activity group was significantly higher than that in moderate activity group.(4)The levels of serum CD28 and CD137 in SLE were significantly correlated with SLEDAI score and some laboratory and clinical disease activity indicators.Conclusion:(1)Abnormal expression of CD28,CD137 and CD154 molecule on the surface of T cells in peripheral blood of SLE patients,the expression lever of CD28 was significantly lower,the expression levers of CD137 and CD154 were significantly higher.(2)The expression levels of CD28,CD137 and CD154 on the surface of T cells in peripheral blood of SLE patients were significantly correlated with SLEDAI score,some clinical disease activity indicators.(3)There was significantly correlation between the levels of serum CD28 and CD137 in SLE and its diseases activity index.