Research On The Scale Structure And Nursing Burden Of The Elderly With Dementia In China

Dementia is one of the common diseases of the elderly,which exists on a large scale in China and the world.According to Qipu data,China’s population aged 65 and above is 190.64 million,accounting for 13.50%,and the scale of the elderly with dementia has exceeded 15 million in 2021.2022 is the second year of the implementation of long-term care insurance in China,and under the background of the healthy aging strategy,all levels of China are paying more and more attention to the care of the elderly and the elderly with dementia.Based on CLHLS data and World Population Prospects 2022 data,this study uses Markov chain to estimate the future dementia rate of China’s elderly population,combines demographic methods to predict the scale structure of China’s elderly with dementia from 2022 to 2050,and uses interview methods to study the care burden of the elderly with dementia.Combined with the current policies related to China’s pension industry,it makes suggestions for the future policy development direction.The study concluded the following:1.The dementia rate of the elderly accelerates with age,and the dementia rate of female elderly people is higher than that of male elderly people.In 2050,the dementia rate of 80-year-old men will be 12.3%,and the dementia rate of female elderly people will be 29.4%.From 2022 to 2050,the scale of China’s elderly population aged 65 and above will continue to expand,and it is expected that there will be 394.98 million elderly people aged 65 and above in 2050.By 2050,there will be 74,784,900 elderly people with dementia,with more women than men,with a gap of 30,046,300.It is expected that there will be 39.378 million elderly people with dementia in China in2050,and the ratio of high and young age will increase from 1:1.53 in 2022 to 1:0.9 in2050.2.Family caregivers of the elderly with dementia will face a heavier economic burden in the process of care,and the higher cost of nanny care is even worse,and the mental burden is mainly reflected in the patient’s poor mental condition caused by the need for caregivers to be inseparable,and the psychological burden mainly comes from self-pressure brought about by social prejudice.Due to the nature of their work,institutional caregivers face less social burden and time cost,but the mental abnormalities of the elderly with dementia and the difficulty of communicating with their families are the main care burdens they face.Therefore,caregivers put forward five needs: the need for financial support provided by the government,elderly care institutions and social organizations,the need for knowledge and skills training for the purpose of improving their own care skills,the need for social circle integration with dementia care as the common point,the need for psychological counseling to relieve the mental and psychological burden caused by care,and the demand for care services that can reduce physical stress in daily life.The innovation points of this paper are as follows: first,the combination of quantitative and qualitative research is used to analyze the scale and structure of the elderly with dementia and their care burden,and the scale and structure of the elderly with dementia in China from 2022 to 2050 are predicted by quantitative research methods,and then the care burden and care demand of the elderly with dementia are analyzed by combining qualitative interview research;Second,predict the dementia rate of the elderly in China by age and sex from 2022 to 2050,and measure the size and structure of the elderly population with dementia based on the prediction of China’s elderly population,so as to provide a data basis for other related research and decisionmaking consultation.Third,previous studies on the burden of care have focused more on the disabled elderly and less on the elderly with dementia.This study uses qualitative research methods to interview family caregivers and institutional caregivers of the elderly with dementia,deeply explore their financial,mental and social care burdens,and compare the similarities and differences in the care burdens faced by family caregivers and institutional caregivers,which can provide a basis for introducing more targeted care interventions and optimizing the living environment of the elderly with dementia.