Evaluation Of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy Based On FNIRS In Adolescent Depression Patients

Objective:This study aims to explore the effect of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy(SFBT)on the emotional,cognitive function and brain activity of adolescents with major depressive disorder(MDD),explore its mechanism of action,and provide reference for follow-up research and clinical study of SFBT.Methods:A total of 53 adolescents with adolescent MDD were enrolled in the non-randomized contemporaneous controlled trial methodrecruited,of whom 28 received Solution-Focused Brief Therapy(SFBT group)and 25 received received active control intervention(AC group).Participants in both groups received 10 consecutive interventions,and received assessments at baseline(T0),after the third intervention(T3),after the sixth intervention(T6),and after the 10th intervention(T10).The Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),and Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS)were used to assess their depression,anxiety,Positive and negative emotions.The Verbal Fluency Task(VFT)was used to assess cognitive function.At the same time,changes in their cerebral cortex hemodynamic responses were assessed by Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy(fNIRS).This study used repeated measurement ANOVA method,SPSS25.0 statistical analysis software to complete the statistical analysis of data.Result:1.①The PHQ-9 score showed that the interaction between the group and the time point was significant.There was no statistical difference in the scores of the two groups at T0,T3 and T10(ps>0.1),and the depressive score of the SFBT group was significantly lower than the AC group at T6(p=0.006).Compared with T0,the depressive score of SFBT group decreased significantly at T3(p=0.002),and decreased at T6 and T10(p<0.001,p<0.001),with an cumulative effect.However,Compared with T0,the depressive score of the AC group did not decrease significantly at T3 and T6(ps>0.1),and decreased significantly at T10(p=0.011).②The results of PA score showed that the interaction between groups and time.The positive affect score of the two groups were not significant at T0,and the score of the SFBT group were marginally significantly higher than those in the AC group at T3(p=0.065),and were significantly higher at T6 and T10(p=0.004,p=0.004).In the SFBT group,the positive affect score at T10 were significantly higher than those at T0(p=0.019),and the scores at the rest of the time points were non-significant(ps>0.1),while in the AC group,the scores were non-significant at all time points(ps>0.1).③Both GAD-7 score and NA score showed a significant main effect of time(p<0.001,p=0.009).At T3,T6 and T10,the anxiety score of the two groups(p<0.001,p=0.043,p<0.001)and negative affect score(p=0.001,p=0.030,p=0.011)were significantly lower than those at T0.2.The results of the VFT performance showed that the interaction between groups and time.There was no significant difference in the VFT performance in the two groups at T0(p=0.980),and the SFBT group was higher than the AC group at T3,T6 and T10(p=0.028,p=0.006,p=0.001).In the SFBT group,the VFT performance at T3,T6 and T10 was significantly higher than that at T0(p=0.043,p=0.030,p=0.004).The VFT performance at T10 of the AC group was significantly lower than that at T0(p=0.025),and the scores of the rest of the time points were non-significant(ps>0.1).3.①The results of the frontal lobe integral value showed that the interaction between groups and time(p<0.001).There was no significant difference between the two groups at T0(p=0.183),and the frontal lobe integral value of SFBT group was marginally significantly lower than that of AC group(p=0.060)at T3,while at T6 and T10 were significantly higher(ps<0.001).In the SFBT group,the frontal lobe integral value at T3 was significantly lower than that at T0(p<0.001),and at T6 and T10 were significantly higher than that at T0(p=0.002,p<0.001),while in the AC group,there was no significant difference in the frontal lobe integral value measured at each time point(ps>0.1).②The oxy-Hb integral value of CH17 showed a significant main effect of time(p=0.013),and the oxy-Hb integral value of CH10、CH18 showed a marginally significant main effect of time(p=0.091,p=0.091).The oxy-Hb integral value of CH3、CH11 showed a significant main effect of group(p=0.006,p=0.012),the oxy-Hb integral value of CH1 showed a marginally significant main effect of group(p=0.060).The results of the oxy-Hb integral value of CH12 showed that the marginal interaction between groups and time(p=0.074).There was no significant difference in oxy-Hb integral value(ps>0.1)between the two groups at T0,T3 and T6,and the oxy-Hb integral value in the SFBT group at T10 were significantly higher than those in the AC group(p=0.035).The oxy-Hb integral value at T10 was marginally significantly higher than T6 in the SFBT group(p=0.082),while marginally significantly lower than T6 in the AC group(p=0.069),and there was no significant difference in the rest of the time(ps>0.1).Conclusion:4.SFBT can quickly and effectively increase the positive emotions of adolescent MDD patients,as well as reduce depression,anxiety and negative emotions,and improve cognitive function.5.After SFBT intervention,cognitive function in adolescent MDD patients were effectively improved.6.After SFBT intervention,the prefrontal cortex,especially the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)and Broca’s area(Broca’s area)were significantly activated in adolescent MDD patients,which may be the potential mechanism of SFBT treatment for adolescent MDD patients.7.This study found that SFBT can effectively improve the emotion and cognitive functions of adolescent MDD and cause changes in local brain activity,suggesting that SFBT is worthy of further improvement,exploration and application in the treatment of adolescents with MDD.