Analysis Of The Effect Of Non-central Nervous System Cancer On Brain Metabolism And Structure Based On FDG-PET/CT

Objective Statistical parametric mapping(SPM)method was used to analyze the FDGPET/CT images of the brains of non-central nervous system cancer patients,and to compare and analyze the brain glucose between non-central nervous system cancer patients and non-cancer patients and different pathological types of cancer Brain regions with differences in metabolism and gray matter volume,and explore the correlation between cancer pathological types and changes in brain glucose metabolism and gray matter volume.Methods The clinical and imaging data of 116 subjects(40-90 years old)who received FDG-PET/CT examination in our hospital from May 2019 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.For the control group and the control group,the SPM12 software was used to perform parameter estimation and statistical inference on the FDG-PET/CT brain imaging data in the subject's resting state,and obtain the brain regions of the differences in brain glucose metabolism and gray matter volume between the cancer group and the control group.According to the different pathological results of histogenesis,cancer groups were divided into adenocarcinoma + squamous cell carcinoma group(derived from epithelial tissue),lymphoma group(derived from lymphoid hematopoietic tissue),and small cell carcinoma group(derived from neuroendocrine cells).In the abovementioned brain regions with statistical differences,the brain regions with differences in brain glucose metabolism and gray matter volume were analyzed between groups.Multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between cancer pathological types and changes in brain glucose metabolism and gray matter volume.Results 1.Compared with the control group,the areas of increased glucose metabolism in the cancer group were right middle frontal gyrus and superior frontal gyrus gray matter,right superior temporal gyrus gray matter,left preparietal lobe gray matter and left precentral frontal gyrus gray matter.Metabolic decreased areas include left middle frontal gyrus gray matter,left marginal anterior cingulate gyrus,right screen nucleus gray matter,left precentral gyrus white matter,right precentral gyrus white matter,left middle occipital gyrus white matter and right middle occipital white matter(all P < 0.001).2.Compared with the control group,the increased volume of gray matter in the cancer group included the cingulate gyrus of the right occipital lobe,the left superior temporal gyrus and the left marginal lobe,and the reduced volume of gray matter was in the left middle frontal gyrus(all P < 0.005).3.Among the brain regions with statistically significant differences in brain glucose metabolism between the cancer group and the control group,the brain regions with differences in brain glucose metabolism between different pathological types of the cancer group were the gray matter of the right middle frontal gyrus(P=0.002),the right frontal supper gyrus(P=0.001)and the left precentral gyrus(P<0.001),indicating increased metabolism.4.Among the brain regions with statistically significant differences in gray matter volume between the cancer group and the control group,the brain region with differences in gray matter volume between different pathological types in the cancer group was the left middle frontal gyrus(P=0.003),indicating decreased gray matter volume;the left marginal anterior cingulate gyrus(P=0.002),indicating increased gray matter volume.5.Lymphoma was correlated with glucose metabolism in right middle frontal gyrus(β=0.006,95%CI 0.002~0.010,P=0.005)and glucose metabolism in left precentral gyrus(β=0.005,95%CI 0.003~0.008,P=0.006);small cell carcinoma was correlated with right superior frontal gyrus Brain glucose metabolism(β=0.008,95%CI 0.006~0.011,P=0.002)was correlated.Conclusion Brain glucose metabolism and gray matter volume in patients with noncentral nervous system cancers have partial changes,and there may be some connections between cancer and the brain.The changes in brain glucose metabolism in patients with lymphoma and small cell cancer are related to the frontal lobe,manifested as increased metabolism.For patients with brain frontal lobe dysfunction detected in early screening,the possibility of cancer should be investigated.At the same time,cancer patients should be evaluated for brain dysfunction,and intervention for brain dysfunction should also be a part of cancer treatment.